Colon cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in the United States. Recent reports have shown that the location of the primary tumor is of clinical importance. Patients with right-sided colon cancers (RCCs) (tumors arising between the cecum and proximal transverse colon) have poorer clinical outcomes than those with left-sided colon cancers (LCCs) (tumors arising between the distal transverse colon and sigmoid colon, excluding the rectum). Interestingly, women have a lower incidence of colon cancer than men, but have a higher propensity for RCC. The reason for this difference is not known; however, identification of sex-specific differences in gene expression by tumor anatomical location in the colon could provide further insight. Moreover, it could reveal important predictive markers for response to various treatments. This study provides a comprehensive bioinformatic analysis of various genes and molecular pathways that correlated with sex and anatomical location of colon cancers using four publicly available annotated data sets housed in the National Center for Biotechnology Information's Gene Expression Omnibus. We identified differentially expressed genes in tumor tissues from women with RCC, which showed attenuated energy and nutrient metabolism when compared with women with LCC. Specifically, we showed the downregulation of 5′ AMP-activated protein kinase alpha subunit (AMPKα) and anti-tumor immune responses in women with RCC. This difference was not seen when comparing tumor tissues from men with RCC to men with LCC. Therefore, women with RCC may have a specific metabolic and immune phenotype which accounts for differences in prognosis and treatment response.

结肠癌是美国第三大最常被诊断的癌症。最近的报道表明原发肿瘤的位置具有临床重要性。右侧结肠癌（RCC）（盲肠和近端横结肠之间产生的肿瘤）的患者的临床结局比左侧结肠癌（LCC）（远端横结肠和乙状结肠之间的肿瘤，但不包括鼻咽癌）的临床结果差。直肠）。有趣的是，女性结肠癌的发病率比男性低，但RCC的发病率较高。造成这种差异的原因尚不清楚。然而，通过在结肠中的肿瘤解剖位置鉴定基因表达中的性别特异性差异可以提供进一步的见解。此外，它可以揭示重要的预测标志物，以应对各种治疗。这项研究利用美国国家生物技术信息中心的基因表达综合中心中提供的四个可公开获得注释的数据集，对与结肠癌的性别和解剖位置相关的各种基因和分子途径进行了全面的生物信息学分析。我们从患有RCC的女性的肿瘤组织中鉴定出差异表达的基因，与具有LCC的女性相比，这些基因显示出减弱的能量和营养代谢。具体而言，我们显示了5'AMP激活的蛋白激酶α亚基的下调（s基因表达综合。我们从患有RCC的女性的肿瘤组织中鉴定出差异表达的基因，与具有LCC的女性相比，这些基因的能量和营养代谢减弱。具体而言，我们显示了5'AMP激活的蛋白激酶α亚基的下调（s基因表达综合。我们从患有RCC的女性的肿瘤组织中鉴定出差异表达的基因，与具有LCC的女性相比，这些基因显示出减弱的能量和营养代谢。具体而言，我们显示了5'AMP激活的蛋白激酶α亚基的下调（RCK患者的AMPKα）和抗肿瘤免疫反应。比较RCC男性和LCC男性的肿瘤组织时，没有发现这种差异。因此，患有RCC的女性可能具有特定的代谢和免疫表型，这说明了预后和治疗反应的差异。