The success of Li–air/O₂ batteries has brought extensive attention to the development of various promising non‐Li metal–O₂ batteries, such as Zn–O₂, Al–O₂, Mg–O₂ batteries, etc., which have exhibited unique advantages, such as low production cost, high energy density, and much enhanced safety. The versatile non‐Li metal–O₂ batteries provide a better opportunity for meeting the practical requirements for sustainable energy supplies in various applications. A high‐performance cathode in non‐Li metal–O₂ batteries that can effectively trigger both oxygen reduction and evolution reactions and thus boost the overall battery performance is of great research interest. In this article, a comprehensive review on the development of Li‐free metal–O₂ batteries and particularly focusing on the oxygen catalytic cathodes for both primary and secondary non‐Li metal–O₂ batteries is carefully performed. The current challenges and potential solutions are also outlined and proposed. Through carefully selecting and rationally designing promising catalytic cathodes, a series of non‐Li metal–oxygen batteries toward practical energy storage applications are highly anticipated.

中文翻译：

---

面向非锂金属-氧气电池的有希望的阴极催化剂

Li-air / O ₂电池的成功引起了人们对各种有前景的非Li-金属O ₂电池开发的广泛关注，例如Zn-O ₂，Al-O ₂，Mg-O ₂电池等。具有独特的优势，例如生产成本低，能量密度高以及安全性大大提高。通用的非锂金属O ₂电池为满足各种应用中对可持续能源供应的实际要求提供了更好的机会。非锂金属– O _2中的高性能阴极能有效触发氧还原反应和放出反应从而提高电池整体性能的电池具有极大的研究兴趣。在本文中，我们对无锂金属-O ₂电池的发展进行了全面回顾，特别是针对一次和二次非锂金属-O ₂电池的氧催化阴极。还概述并提出了当前的挑战和潜在的解决方案。通过精心选择和合理设计有前途的催化阴极，人们期待着一系列面向实际能量存储应用的非锂金属氧气电池。