Petroleum refineries and petrochemical plants are major CO₂ sources, however, they are also significant capital and employment assets that are unlikely to be replaced in the near term. As a result, nations and states that are interested in reducing the carbon intensity of their economies will need to find ways to reduce the emissions of their existing industrial capacity. Industrial carbon capture provides one potential mechanism for reducing the carbon intensity of existing industrial facilities, however, an economically feasible capture system requires that the captured CO₂ be integrated into a system of transport and storage with income generated either through tax credits, enhanced oil recovery (EOR), or both. Here, we present a cash-flow model of an integrated system with industrial capture, pipeline transport, and EOR, and we parameterize the model with data from Louisiana. Given a $50/bbl oil price, an integrated capture, transport and EOR system that uses ethylene oxide production, ammonia production, or natural gas processing as sources is predicted to have a net present value of about $500 million; hydrogen-based capture has a cash flow of −$214 given the same assumptions. Further, we find that the recent 45Q Tax Credit expansion has a positive impact on the cash flow of the system but does not change the overall profitability of the systems under the specified assumptions such that without the tax credits natural gas processing, ammonia production and ethylene oxide production-based capture systems remain cost-effective, while hydrogen-based capture remains unprofitable with or without the tax credit.

炼油厂和石化厂是主要的CO ₂来源，但是它们也是重要的资本和就业资产，近期内不太可能被取代。结果，对降低其经济的碳强度感兴趣的国家和州将需要找到减少其现有工业能力排放的方法。工业碳捕集为降低现有工业设施的碳强度提供了一种潜在的机制，但是，经济上可行的捕集系统要求捕集的CO ₂通过税收抵免，提高石油采收率（EOR）或同时通过这两种方式将收入整合到运输和存储系统中。在这里，我们介绍了具有工业捕获，管道运输和EOR的集成系统的现金流量模型，并使用来自路易斯安那州的数据对模型进行了参数化。假设油价为每桶50美元，则使用环氧乙烷生产，氨生产或天然气加工作为来源的集成捕集，运输和EOR系统的净现值预计约为5亿美元；在相同的假设下，氢捕获的现金流量为-$ 214。进一步，