Microalgae are a rich source of natural bioactive compounds, e.g. astaxanthin, β-carotene, lutein, and fatty acids (FAs), that are currently in high demand in the market. Conventional extraction methods often produce adverse effects on some of these compounds. Replacing conventional extraction methods with more efficient advanced green technologies that offer greater extracts purity and low environmental impact is therefore a challenging and sought-for target. This review is a comprehensive overview of supercritical fluid (SCF) extraction processes, including the latest research on the extraction of bioactive compounds from microalgae biomass and their benefits on human health. In addition, the role of key operating parameters on the selectivity of various compounds is discussed. This study provides useful knowledge that can productively contribute to the future development of SCF-based extraction technologies on an industrial scale.

微藻是天然生物活性化合物的丰富来源，例如虾青素，β-胡萝卜素，叶黄素和脂肪酸（FAs），目前市场上对此有很高的需求。常规提取方法通常会对其中某些化合物产生不利影响。因此，用能提供更高提取物纯度和较低环境影响的更有效的先进绿色技术代替传统的提取方法是一项具有挑战性和追求的目标。这篇综述是对超临界流体（SCF）提取过程的全面概述，包括有关从微藻生物质中提取生物活性化合物及其对人体健康的益处的最新研究。此外，还讨论了关键操作参数对各种化合物的选择性的作用。