There are many risk factors for Vitamin D deficiency. This study aimed to compare the Vitamin D status and serum 25(OH)D concentrations of adults living in an urban area to adults living in a rural area in the West of Ireland (latitude 53.27° North). A cross-sectional retrospective analysis of clinical records was performed. Following interrogation of the electronic laboratory information system, individuals who had serum 25(OH)D concentrations measured at Galway University Hospitals between January 2011 and December 2015 were identified. Clinical demographics, setting and date of sampling were recorded. In total, 17,590 patients (urban n = 4,824; rural n = 12,766) were eligible for inclusion. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were lower among rural compared to urban dwellers irrespective of season (spring p < 0.001, summer p = 0.009, autumn p = 0.002, winter p < 0.001). There was a significant difference in Vitamin D status between urban and rural dwellers in three of the four seasons: spring- deficiency: 16%-v-23%, insufficiency: 39%-v-43%, sufficiency: 45%-v-35% (p < 0.001); autumn- deficiency: 11%-v-10%, insufficiency: 30%-v-35%, sufficiency: 59%-v-56% (p = 0.01); winter- deficiency: 23%-v-25%, insufficiency: 35%-v-42%, sufficiency: 41%-v-33% (p < 0.001). Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were higher and the prevalence of deficiency lower in urban/rural females compared to urban/rural males (p < 0.001). Serum 25(OH)D concentrations increased sequentially from the 18-39 year age group to the 60-69 year age group in both urban (p < 0.001) and rural (p < 0.001) dwellers and then decreased progressively as age increased to ≥90 years. The odds of Vitamin D deficiency increased with age, lower daily sunshine hours, male gender, rural address and season.

中文翻译：

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农村地区维生素D缺乏/缺乏的风险要高于城市居民。

维生素D缺乏症有许多危险因素。这项研究旨在比较居住在爱尔兰西部（北纬53.27度）农村地区的成年人与城市居民的维生素D状况和血清25（OH）D浓度。对临床记录进行横断面回顾性分析。在对电子实验室信息系统进行询问之后，确定了在2011年1月至2015年12月期间在高威大学医院测量的血清25（OH）D浓度的个体。记录临床人口统计学，设置和采样日期。总共有17,590名患者（城市n = 4,824；农村n = 12,766）符合纳入条件。不论季节如何，农村居民的血清25（OH）D浓度均低于城市居民（春季p <0.001，夏季p = 0.009，秋季p = 0）。002，冬季p <0.001）。在四个季节中的三个季节中，城乡居民之间的维生素D状况存在显着差异：春季缺乏：16％-v-23％，供血不足：39％-v-43％，充足：45％-v- 35％（p <0.001）; 秋季缺乏症：11％-v-10％，供血不足：30％-v-35％，供血：59％-v-56％（p = 0.01）; 冬季不足：23％-v-25％，供血不足：35％-v-42％，供血：41％-v-33％（p <0.001）。与城市/农村男性相比，城市/农村女性血清25（OH）D浓度更高，缺乏症患病率更低（p <0.001）。在城市（p <0.001）和农村（p <0.001）的居民中，血清18（OH）D浓度从18-39岁年龄组到60-69岁年龄组依次增加，然后随着年龄的增加而逐渐降低90年