OBJECTIVES There is limited information about the long-term consequences of childhood- and adolescent-onset narcolepsy on educational and social factors. Here, we estimate the long-term socioeconomic consequences and health care costs of narcolepsy. METHODS The prospective cohort study included Danish individuals with narcolepsy onset in childhood or adolescence, diagnosed between 1994 and 2015. Health care costs and socioeconomic data were obtained from nationwide administrative and health registers. One hundred seventy-one patients were compared with 680 controls (mean index age, 15.2 years; SD, 3.4 years) matched for age, gender, and other sociodemographic characteristics. RESULTS Comparing the narcolepsy patient and control groups at age 20 years we found: (1) no differences in parental educational level; (2) patients had a significantly lower educational level than controls; (3) patients had significantly lower grade-point averages; (4) patients had a lower employment rate and lower-income, even when transfer payments were considered; and (5) patients' initial health care costs were higher. Patients had a higher mortality rate than controls, although the difference was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION Narcolepsy is associated with a significant influence on educational level, grading, social outcome, and welfare consequences. The development of narcolepsy is independent of parental social level.

中文翻译：

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儿童和青少年发作性睡病的长期健康和社会经济后果。

目的关于儿童和青少年发作性发作性睡病对教育和社会因素的长期影响的信息有限。在这里，我们估计了发作性睡病的长期社会经济后果和医疗保健费用。方法前瞻性队列研究包括1994年至2015年间诊断为儿童或青少年发作性睡病的丹麦人。医疗保健费用和社会经济数据来自全国范围的行政和健康登记册。将711例患者与年龄，性别和其他社会人口学特征相匹配的680名对照（平均指数年龄为15.2岁； SD为3.4岁）进行比较。结果比较发作性睡病患者和对照组在20岁时，我们发现：（1）父母的受教育程度没有差异；（2）患者的受教育程度明显低于对照组；（3）患者的平均成绩明显较低；（4）即使考虑转移支付，患者的就业率和收入也较低；（5）患者的初始医疗费用较高。尽管差异无统计学意义，但患者的死亡率高于对照组。结论发作性睡病对教育水平，等级，社会成果和福利后果具有重大影响。发作性睡病的发生与父母的社会地位无关。最初的医疗费用较高。患者的死亡率高于对照组，尽管差异无统计学意义。结论发作性睡病对教育水平，等级，社会成果和福利后果具有重大影响。发作性睡病的发生与父母的社会地位无关。最初的医疗费用较高。患者的死亡率高于对照组，尽管差异无统计学意义。结论发作性睡病对教育水平，等级，社会成果和福利后果具有重大影响。发作性睡病的发生与父母的社会地位无关。