Fruiting body development and carotenoid production are light-induced in Cordyceps militaris. Our previous studies have shown that two blue-light receptors, CmWC-1 and CmCRY-DASH, regulate fruiting body development and secondary metabolism. However, the photosensory system of C. militaris remains unclear. Here, gene deletion of Cmvvd, coding for another blue-light receptor, resulted in reduced conidiation level and significant promotion of carotenoid content. Cmvvd transcription levels at fruiting body stages were higher than at other stages, and fruiting bodies could not develop normally in ΔCmvvd strains, indicating that Cmvvd might play an important role in fruiting body development. Rhythm loops were not affected in ΔCmvvd strains but were regulated by Cmwc-1, and the expression of the rhythm regulator gene Cmfrq was dependent on CmWC-1. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay confirmed that Cmvvd is the direct target of CmWC-1 in this fungus. Our results also revealed interdependent transcriptional relationships between Cmwc-1 and Cmvvd, and between Cmwc-1 and Cmcry-DASH. Cmcry-DASH expression was affected by Cmvvd, and the function-loss of Cmcry-DASH might be compensated by the high transcription of Cmvvd. This is the first report of the transcriptional linkage among the three blue-light receptors in edible fungi and will be helpful for studies of multicellular development in this fungus.

中文翻译：

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CmVVD参与子实体Cord虫草中子实体的发育和类胡萝卜素的产生以及三个蓝光受体之间的转录联系。

Cord虫草中子实体的发育和类胡萝卜素的产生是光诱导的。我们以前的研究表明，两种蓝光受体CmWC-1和CmCRY-DASH调节子实体的发育和次级代谢。然而，旋梭菌的光感系统仍然不清楚。在这里，编码另一种蓝光受体的Cmvvd基因缺失，导致降低的分生水平和显着促进类胡萝卜素含量。子实体阶段的Cmvvd转录水平高于其他阶段，并且ΔCmvvd菌株中的子实体不能正常发育，这表明Cmvvd可能在子实体的发育中起重要作用。节奏环在ΔCmvvd菌株中不受影响，但受Cmwc-1调节，并且节奏调节基因Cmfrq的表达依赖于CmWC-1。染色质免疫沉淀测定法证实Cmvvd是该真菌中CmWC-1的直接靶标。我们的研究结果还揭示了Cmwc-1和Cmvvd之间以及Cmwc-1和Cmcry-DASH之间相互依赖的转录关系。Cmcry-DASH的表达受到Cmvvd的影响，而Cmcry-DASH的功能缺失可能被Cmvvd的高转录所补偿。这是食用真菌中三种蓝光受体之间转录联系的第一个报道，将有助于研究这种真菌中的多细胞发育。Cmvvd的高转录可能弥补了Cmcry-DASH的功能丧失。这是食用真菌中三种蓝光受体之间转录联系的第一个报道，将有助于研究这种真菌中的多细胞发育。Cmvvd的高转录可能弥补了Cmcry-DASH的功能丧失。这是食用真菌中三种蓝光受体之间转录联系的第一个报道，将有助于研究这种真菌中的多细胞发育。