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Investigating the effects of a sub-lethal metal mixture of Cu, Zn and Cd on bioaccumulation and ionoregulation in common carp, Cyprinus carpio.
Aquatic Toxicology ( IF 4.5 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-19 , DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105363 G Castaldo 1 , M Pillet 1 , B Slootmaekers 1 , L Bervoets 1 , R M Town 1 , R Blust 1 , G De Boeck 1
Aquatic Toxicology ( IF 4.5 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-19 , DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105363 G Castaldo 1 , M Pillet 1 , B Slootmaekers 1 , L Bervoets 1 , R M Town 1 , R Blust 1 , G De Boeck 1
Affiliation
The aquatic environment is continuously under threat because it is the final receptor and sink of waste streams. The development of industry, mining activities and agriculture gave rise to an increase in metal pollution in the aquatic system. Thus a wide occurrence of metal mixtures exists in the aquatic environment. The assessment of mixture stress remains a challenge considering that we can not predict the toxicity of a mixture on the basis of single compounds. Therefore the analysis of the effects of environmentally relevant waterborne mixtures is needed to improve our understanding of the impact of metal pollution in aquatic ecosystems. Our aim was to assess whether 10 % of the concentration of the 96 h LC50 (the concentration that is lethal to 50 % of the population in 96 h) of individual metal exposures can be considered as a "safe" concentration when applied in a trinomial mixture. Therefore, common carp were exposed to a sublethal mixture of Cu 0.07 ± 0.001 μM (4.3 ± 0.6 μg/L), Zn 2.71 ± 0.81 μM (176.9 ± 52.8 μg/L) and Cd 0.03 ± 0.0004 μM (3.0 ± 0.4 μg/L) at 20 °C for a period of one week. Parameters assessed included survival rate, bioaccumulation and physiological biomarkers related to ionoregulation and defensive mechanisms such as MT induction. Our results showed a sharp increase in Cu and Cd concentration in gills within the first day of exposure while Zn levels remained stable. The accumulation of these metals led to a Na drop in gills, liver and muscle as well as a decreased K content in the liver. Biomarkers related to Na uptake were also affected: on the first day gene expression for H+-ATPase was transiently increased while a concomitant decreased gene expression of the Na+/H+ exchanger occurred. A fivefold induction of metallothionein gene expression was reported during the entire duration of the experiment. Despite the adverse effects on ionoregulation all fish survived, indicating that common carp are able to cope with these low metal concentrations, at least during a one week exposure.
中文翻译:
研究铜,锌和镉的亚致死性金属混合物对鲤鱼鲤鱼的生物积累和离子调节的影响。
水生环境不断受到威胁,因为它是废物流的最终接收者和汇入点。工业,采矿活动和农业的发展导致水生系统中金属污染的增加。因此,在水生环境中广泛存在金属混合物。考虑到我们无法基于单一化合物预测混合物的毒性,因此评估混合物应力仍然是一个挑战。因此,需要对与环境有关的水性混合物的影响进行分析,以增进我们对金属污染对水生生态系统影响的理解。我们的目的是评估是否可以将96小时LC50浓度的10%(96小时内对50%的人口具有致命性的浓度)的单独金属暴露认为是“安全的” 在三项式混合物中使用时的浓度。因此,鲤鱼暴露于Cu 0.07±0.001μM(4.3±0.6μg/ L),Zn 2.71±0.81μM(176.9±52.8μg/ L)和Cd 0.03±0.0004μM(3.0±0.4μg/ L)的亚致死混合物中。 L)在20°C下持续一周。评估的参数包括存活率,生物蓄积和与离子调节和防御机制(例如MT诱导)有关的生理生物标志物。我们的结果表明,exposure暴露的第一天,g中的铜和镉浓度急剧增加,而锌的含量则保持稳定。这些金属的积累导致g,肝脏和肌肉中的Na下降以及肝脏中的K含量降低。与钠吸收有关的生物标志物也受到影响:在第一天,H + -ATPase的基因表达瞬时增加,而同时发生Na + / H +交换子的基因表达下降。据报道,在整个实验过程中,金属硫蛋白基因表达被诱导了五倍。尽管对电离调节有不利影响,但所有鱼类都得以幸存,这表明鲤鱼至少在一周的暴露时间内能够应对这些低金属浓度。
更新日期:2019-11-19
中文翻译:
研究铜,锌和镉的亚致死性金属混合物对鲤鱼鲤鱼的生物积累和离子调节的影响。
水生环境不断受到威胁,因为它是废物流的最终接收者和汇入点。工业,采矿活动和农业的发展导致水生系统中金属污染的增加。因此,在水生环境中广泛存在金属混合物。考虑到我们无法基于单一化合物预测混合物的毒性,因此评估混合物应力仍然是一个挑战。因此,需要对与环境有关的水性混合物的影响进行分析,以增进我们对金属污染对水生生态系统影响的理解。我们的目的是评估是否可以将96小时LC50浓度的10%(96小时内对50%的人口具有致命性的浓度)的单独金属暴露认为是“安全的” 在三项式混合物中使用时的浓度。因此,鲤鱼暴露于Cu 0.07±0.001μM(4.3±0.6μg/ L),Zn 2.71±0.81μM(176.9±52.8μg/ L)和Cd 0.03±0.0004μM(3.0±0.4μg/ L)的亚致死混合物中。 L)在20°C下持续一周。评估的参数包括存活率,生物蓄积和与离子调节和防御机制(例如MT诱导)有关的生理生物标志物。我们的结果表明,exposure暴露的第一天,g中的铜和镉浓度急剧增加,而锌的含量则保持稳定。这些金属的积累导致g,肝脏和肌肉中的Na下降以及肝脏中的K含量降低。与钠吸收有关的生物标志物也受到影响:在第一天,H + -ATPase的基因表达瞬时增加,而同时发生Na + / H +交换子的基因表达下降。据报道,在整个实验过程中,金属硫蛋白基因表达被诱导了五倍。尽管对电离调节有不利影响,但所有鱼类都得以幸存,这表明鲤鱼至少在一周的暴露时间内能够应对这些低金属浓度。