Preeclampsia is a serious vascular complication of the human pregnancy, whose etiology is still poorly understood. In preeclampsia, exacerbated apoptosis and fragmentation of the placental tissue occurs due to developmental qualities of the placental trophoblast cells and/or mechanical and oxidative distress to the syncytiotrophoblast, which lines the placental villi. Dysregulation of the complement system is recognized as one of the mechanisms of the disease pathology. Complement has the ability to promote inflammation and facilitate phagocytosis of placenta-derived particles and apoptotic cells by macrophages. In preeclampsia, an overload of placental cell damage or dysregulated complement system may lead to insufficient clearance of apoptotic particles and placenta-derived debris. Excess placental damage may lead to sequestration of microparticles, such as placental vesicles, to capillaries in the glomeruli of the kidney and other vulnerable tissues. This phenomenon could contribute to the manifestations of typical diagnostic symptoms of preeclampsia: proteinuria and new-onset hypertension. In this review we propose that the complement system may serve as a regulator of the complex tolerance and clearance processes that are fundamental in healthy pregnancy. It is therefore recommended that further research be conducted to elucidate the interactions between components of the complement system and immune responses in the context of complicated and healthy pregnancy.

子痫前期是人类妊娠的严重血管并发症，其病因仍知之甚少。在子痫前期中，由于胎盘滋养层细胞的发育特性和/或对合体滋养层细胞的机械和氧化性窘迫，胎盘组织的细胞凋亡和破碎加剧，胎盘绒毛衬里。补体系统的失调被认为是疾病病理的机制之一。补体具有促进炎症并促进巨噬细胞吞噬胎盘来源的颗粒和凋亡细胞的能力。在子痫前期中，胎盘细胞损伤过多或补体系统失调可能导致凋亡颗粒和胎盘来源的碎片清除不充分。过多的胎盘损害可能导致螯合微粒，例如胎盘囊泡，肾小球的毛细血管和其他脆弱组织。这种现象可能有助于先兆子痫的典型诊断症状的表现：蛋白尿和新发高血压。在这篇综述中，我们建议补体系统可以作为健康妊娠中至关重要的复杂耐受性和清除过程的调节剂。因此，建议进行进一步的研究，以阐明在复杂而健康的怀孕情况下补体系统各成分与免疫反应之间的相互作用。这种现象可能有助于先兆子痫的典型诊断症状的表现：蛋白尿和新发高血压。在这篇综述中，我们建议补体系统可以作为健康妊娠中至关重要的复杂耐受性和清除过程的调节剂。因此，建议进行进一步的研究，以阐明在复杂而健康的怀孕情况下补体系统各成分与免疫反应之间的相互作用。这种现象可能有助于先兆子痫的典型诊断症状的表现：蛋白尿和新发高血压。在这篇综述中，我们建议补体系统可以作为健康妊娠中至关重要的复杂耐受性和清除过程的调节剂。因此，建议进行进一步的研究，以阐明在复杂而健康的怀孕情况下补体系统各成分与免疫反应之间的相互作用。