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Demographic history has shaped the strongly differentiated corkwing wrasse populations in Northern Europe.
Molecular Ecology ( IF 4.9 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-15 , DOI: 10.1111/mec.15310
Morten Mattingsdal 1 , Per Erik Jorde 2 , Halvor Knutsen 1, 2 , Sissel Jentoft 3 , Nils Christian Stenseth 1, 3 , Marte Sodeland 1 , Joana I Robalo 4 , Michael M Hansen 5 , Carl André 6 , Enrique Blanco Gonzalez 1, 7
Affiliation  

Understanding the biological processes involved in genetic differentiation and divergence between populations within species is a pivotal aim in evolutionary biology. One particular phenomenon that requires clarification is the maintenance of genetic barriers despite the high potential for gene flow in the marine environment. Such patterns have been attributed to limited dispersal or local adaptation, and to a lesser extent to the demographic history of the species. The corkwing wrasse (Symphodus melops) is an example of a marine fish species where regions of particular strong divergence are observed. One such genetic break occurred at a surprisingly small spatial scale (FST ~0.1), over a short coastline (<60 km) in the North Sea-Skagerrak transition area in southwestern Norway. Here, we investigate the observed divergence and purported reproductive isolation using genome resequencing. Our results suggest that historical events during the post-glacial recolonization route can explain the present population structure of the corkwing wrasse in the northeast Atlantic. While the divergence across the break is strong, we detected ongoing gene flow between populations over the break suggesting recent contact or negative selection against hybrids. Moreover, we found few outlier loci and no clear genomic regions potentially being under selection. We concluded that neutral processes and random genetic drift e.g., due to founder events during colonization have shaped the population structure in this species in Northern Europe. Our findings underline the need to take into account the demographic process in studies of divergence processes.

中文翻译:

人口历史塑造了北欧高度分化的软尾濑鱼种群。

了解涉及物种内种群遗传分化和分化的生物学过程是进化生物学的重要目标。需要澄清的一种特殊现象是,尽管海洋环境中基因流动的潜力很大,但遗传障碍的维持仍然存在。这种模式被归因于有限的分散或局部适应,并且在较小程度上归因于该物种的人口历史。塞舌的濑鱼(Symphodus melops)是海水鱼类的一个例子,在该鱼类中观察到特别强烈的差异。在挪威西南部的北海-斯卡格拉克过渡带的短海岸线(<60 km)上,这样的遗传断裂发生在一个意想不到的小空间尺度(FST〜0.1)上。这里,我们调查了观察到的差异,并声称使用基因组重测序进行生殖分离。我们的研究结果表明,冰川后重新殖民化路线中的历史事件可以解释东北大西洋的软木濑鱼的当前种群结构。尽管突破的分歧很强,但我们检测到突破期间各群体之间的基因流动仍在继续,这表明最近对杂种的接触或阴性选择。此外,我们发现极少的异常基因座,也没有明确的基因组区域,可能正在选择中。我们得出的结论是,中性过程和随机遗传漂移(例如,由于殖民期间的奠基者事件)已经影响了北欧该物种的种群结构。我们的发现强调在发散过程的研究中必须考虑人口统计学的过程。
更新日期:2019-12-05
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