BACKGROUND Studies in mammals proved dietary organic selenium (Se) being superior to inorganic Se regarding effects on growth performance, antioxidative status, immune response, and Se homeostasis. However, the picture of possible effects of different Se sources and - levels can be expanded. The present field study evaluated the effects on weight gain, hematological and selected biochemical variables as well as plasma concentrations of vitamin E (vitE), total Se and selenobiomolecules in piglets throughout the suckling period. METHODS Piglets were monitored from birth to 38 days of age (d). The mother sows' diets were enriched with l-selenomethionine (SeMet-0.26 and -0.43 mg Se/kg feed) or sodium selenite (NaSe-0.40 and -0.60 mg Se/kg feed) from 1 month prior to farrowing until the end of lactation period. Piglets received pelleted feed supplemented with Se similarly to the sows' diets from one week of age. Selenite at 0.40 mg Se/kg (NaSe-0.40) represents a common Se source and -level in pig feed and served as control diet. RESULTS From 24d, piglets in SeMet-groups had higher mean body weight (BW) compared with piglets from sows fed NaSe-0.40. Furthermore, from five-d and above, piglets from sows fed NaSe-0.60 had significantly higher BW than offspring from sows fed NaSe-0.40. Neonatal piglets in group SeMet-0.43 had significantly lower red blood cell counts (RBC), hemoglobin (Hgb) and hematocrit (Hct) concentrations compared with piglets from sows fed with NaSe-0.40. Neonatal and 5d-old piglets in group SeMet-0.26 showed higher gamma-glutamyl transferase activity than piglets in group NaSe-0.40. From five d and above, group NaSe-0.60 excelled with increased specific hematological variables culminating at age 38d with increased Hct, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and MC hemoglobin (MCH) as well as increased activities of aspartate transaminase and lactate dehydrogenase compared with the other groups. Generally, offspring in the SeMet groups had higher total Se-concentrations in plasma than those from sows fed selenite, and showed a dose-response effect on plasma Se-concentrations. Furthermore, SeMet-fed piglets had higher plasma levels of the selenoproteins (Sel) glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPx3) and SelP as well as selenoalbumin. Plasma vitE levels were significantly negatively correlated with RBC throughout trial period. CONCLUSIONS Maternal supplementation with SeMet during gestation influenced hematology and clinical biochemistry in neonatal piglets in a different way than in offspring from sows receiving selenite enriched diets. Growth performance was positively influenced by both dietary Se source and Se level. Higher plasma levels of GPx3 observed in piglets receiving SeMet probably improved the protection against birth or growth related oxidative stress. These might prime the piglets for demanding situations as indicated by higher weight gain in offspring from sows fed with SeMet-supplemented diets. Our results on some enzyme activities might indicate that piglets fed NaSe-0.60 had to cope with increased levels of oxidative stress compared with those originating from sows fed SeMet or lower dietary levels of selenite. We assume that combining inorganic and organic Se sources in complete feed for breeding sows might be beneficial fro reproduction and the offspring's performance.

中文翻译：

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与饲喂亚硒酸钠的母猪相比，饲喂硒代蛋氨酸的仔猪的有益抗氧化状态。

背景技术在哺乳动物中的研究证明，在对生长性能，抗氧化状态，免疫反应和硒稳态方面的影响方面，饮食中有机硒（Se）优于无机硒。但是，可以扩大不同硒源和-可能产生的影响的图像。本田间研究评估了整个哺乳期对仔猪体重增加，血液学和选定的生化变量以及维生素E（vitE），总硒和硒生物分子的血浆浓度的影响。方法监测仔猪从出生到38日龄（d）的时间。从分娩前的一个月至分娩结束前，母猪的日粮中富含1-硒代蛋氨酸（SeMet-0.26和-0.43 mg Se / kg饲料）或亚硒酸钠（NaSe-0.40和-0.60 mg Se / kg饲料）。哺乳期。仔猪从一星期龄开始接受与母猪日粮相似的，补充了硒的颗粒饲料。0.40 mg Se / kg（NaSe-0.40）的亚硒酸盐代表猪饲料中常见的硒源和硒含量，可作为对照日粮。结果从24天开始，与饲喂NaSe-0.40的母猪相比，SeMet组的仔猪具有更高的平均体重（BW）。此外，从五天及以上开始，饲喂NaSe-0.60的母猪的仔猪的BW显着高于饲喂NaSe-0.40的母猪的后代。与用NaSe-0.40喂养的母猪的仔猪相比，SeMet-0.43组的新生仔猪的红细胞计数（RBC），血红蛋白（Hgb）和血细胞比容（Hct）浓度明显降低。SeMet-0.26组的新生仔猪和5d大仔猪显示出比NaSe-0.40组更高的γ-谷氨酰转移酶活性。从5天起，将NaSe-0分组。与其他组相比，60例患者的特定血液学变量增加了优势，这些变量最终在38d时达到了Hct，平均红细胞体积（MCV）和MC血红蛋白（MCH）的增加以及天冬氨酸转氨酶和乳酸脱氢酶活性的增加。通常，SeMet组的后代血浆中的总Se浓度高于饲喂亚硒酸盐的母猪，并显示出对血浆Se浓度的剂量反应效应。此外，由SeMet喂养的仔猪的血浆中硒蛋白（Sel），谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶3（GPx3）和SelP以及硒白蛋白的血浆水平更高。在整个试验期间，血浆vitE水平与RBC显着负相关。结论妊娠期母体补充SeMet对新生仔猪血液学和临床生化的影响不同于对富硒饮食母猪后代的影响。饮食中硒的来源和硒水平对生长性能有积极的影响。在接受SeMet的仔猪中观察到较高的GPx3血浆水平可能会改善针对出生或生长相关的氧化应激的保护作用。这些可以使仔猪适应严峻的情况，如补充SeMet日粮的母猪的后代体重增加更多。我们对某些酶活性的研究结果可能表明，与饲喂SeMet的母猪或日粮中的亚硒酸盐含量较低的母猪相比，饲喂NaSe-0.60的仔猪必须应对增加的氧化应激水平。