Abstract The work provides the study of quinolinium ionic liquids (ILs)—a new class of stationary phases for capillary gas chromatography (GC). Quinolinium ILs were shown to have new attractive properties. They are not only highly polar, but also very selective for aromatic compounds and oxygenates. Depending on the substituents in the quinolinium ring, the studied ILs possess polarity numbers from 64 to 99, so they are polar and strongly polar. By the variation of the substituent and its position, changes in the prevailing types of interactions with analytes are observed. It is worth noting that Abraham’s constants for the quinolinium phases are significantly different from the previously known imidazolium and pyridinium ionic liquids (ILs) that cause significant variations in their selectivity. The most significant differences are observed in the π–π interactions and hydrogen bond acidity parameters. The investigation of background mass spectra for quinolinium ILs showed the most intense signals related to peaks at m/z 69 and 143 belonging to [CF3]+ and quinolinium ring fragments. The most thermostable ILs are N-propyl-6-methylqionoinium and bis(6-methylquinolinium)hexane that are stable up to 300 °C. With regard to the possible use of quinolinium ILs, apart from the separation of polar substances, it is expected that they will find applications in two-dimensional chromatography for the separation of complex mixtures compose of compounds that differ substantially in their properties. The applications of the columns for the determination of aromatic hydrocarbons in gasoline and phenolic compounds in pyrolysis biodiesel are demonstrated.

中文翻译：

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用于毛细管气相色谱的带有喹啉阳离子的新型固定离子液相

摘要 这项工作提供了喹啉离子液体 (IL) 的研究，这是一种用于毛细管气相色谱 (GC) 的新型固定相。喹啉离子显示出具有新的吸引人的特性。它们不仅具有高极性，而且对芳香族化合物和含氧化合物的选择性也非常高。根据喹啉环中的取代基，所研究的离子液体具有从 64 到 99 的极性数，因此它们是极性和强极性的。通过取代基及其位置的变化，观察到与分析物的主要相互作用类型的变化。值得注意的是，喹啉鎓相的亚伯拉罕常数与之前已知的咪唑鎓和吡啶鎓离子液体 (IL) 显着不同，这会导致它们的选择性发生显着变化。在 π-π 相互作用和氢键酸度参数中观察到最显着的差异。喹啉离子的背景质谱研究表明，与 m/z 69 和 143 处的峰相关的最强信号属于 [CF3]+ 和喹啉环碎片。最耐热的离子液体是 N-丙基-6-甲基鎓鎓和双（6-甲基喹啉鎓）己烷，它们在高达 300 °C 的温度下是稳定的。关于喹啉离子液体的可能用途，除了极性物质的分离外，预计它们将在二维色谱中找到应用，用于分离由性质差异很大的化合物组成的复杂混合物。演示了这些色谱柱在测定汽油中的芳烃和热解生物柴油中的酚类化合物中的应用。