Serological analysis of equine piroplasmosis (EP), caused by Theileria equi and Babesia caballi, is included in the export testing requirements for most of the countries worldwide, thus involving a high economic impact on equine industry of EP-endemic countries, such as Spain. A total of 3368 serum samples from healthy horses collected prior to export between 2015 and 2018 in Spain were tested for antibodies against T. equi and B. caballi by using a competitive inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA). The overall seroprevalence results in Spain revealed that almost a quarter of the horses analysed (24.1 %; 95% CI 22.6–25.5) could not be exported to countries free from EP. The implementation of prevention measures such as the use of acaricides and daily checks for ticks in horses, as well as regular serological screening of horses in Spain would aid to increase the number of horses exported to other countries.

世界上大多数国家/地区的出口测试要求中包括由马氏泰勒虫和巴贝斯球菌引起的马兜铃虫病（EP）的血清学分析，因此对诸如西班牙这样的EP流行国家的马业产生了巨大的经济影响。从2015年至2018年在西班牙出口之前从健康马匹中收集的总共3368份血清样品进行了抗T. equi和B. caballi抗体测试通过使用竞争性抑制酶联免疫吸附测定（cELISA）。西班牙的总体血清阳性率结果表明，几乎有四分之一的被分析马匹（24.1％； 95％CI 22.6–25.5）无法出口到没有EP的国家。实施预防措施，例如使用杀螨剂和对马的tick进行日常检查，以及在西班牙对马进行定期血清学筛查，将有助于增加出口到其他国家的马的数量。