In recent years, regenerative medicine is gaining momentum and is giving hopes for restoring function of diseased, damaged, and aged tissues and organs and nanotechnology is serving as a catalyst. In the ophthalmology field, various types of allogenic and autologous stem cells have been investigated to treat some ocular diseases due to age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, retinitis pigmentosa, diabetic retinopathy, and corneal and lens traumas. Nanomaterials have been utilized directly as nanoscaffolds for these stem cells to promote their adhesion, proliferation and differentiation or indirectly as vectors for various genes, tissue growth factors, cytokines and immunosuppressants to facilitate cell reprogramming or ocular tissue regeneration. In this review, we reviewed various nanomaterials used for retina, cornea, and lens regenerations, and discussed the current status and future perspectives of nanotechnology in tracking cells in the eye and personalized regenerative ophthalmology. The purpose of this review is to provide comprehensive and timely insights on the emerging field of nanotechnology for ocular tissue engineering and regeneration.

近年来，再生医学正在蓬勃发展，并为恢复患病，受损和衰老的组织器官的功能提供了希望，而纳米技术正在成为催化剂。在眼科学领域，已经研究了各种类型的同种异体和自体干细胞来治疗由于年龄相关的黄斑变性，青光眼，色素性视网膜炎，糖尿病性视网膜病以及角膜和晶状体损伤而引起的某些眼科疾病。纳米材料已直接用作这些干细胞的纳米支架，以促进其粘附，增殖和分化，或间接用作各种基因，组织生长因子，细胞因子和免疫抑制剂的载体，以促进细胞重编程或眼组织再生。在这篇评论中，我们回顾了用于视网膜，角膜和晶状体再生的各种纳米材料，并讨论了纳米技术在跟踪眼内细胞和个性化再生眼科方面的现状和未来前景。这篇综述的目的是就眼组织工程和再生的纳米技术的新兴领域提供全面，及时的见解。