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A systematic review on the emerging association between the occurrence of immune-related adverse events and clinical outcomes with checkpoint inhibitors in advanced cancer patients.
Seminars in Oncology ( IF 4 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-07 , DOI: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2019.10.003
Alessio Cortellini 1 , Sebastiano Buti 2 , Veronica Agostinelli 1 , Melissa Bersanelli 3
Affiliation  

The correlation between clinical outcomes and treatment-related adverse events (AEs) has always been a debated topic in clinical oncology. Despite toxicities pharmacodynamics effects, the misunderstanding has always been around the corner: AEs themselves could lead to morbidity and mortality; on the other hand, the choice of the clinical outcomes to measure is not univocal. After the advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), such as anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 and anti-programmed death-1/programmed death ligand-1, new class-specific AEs have emerged, called immune-related AEs (irAEs). With irAEs, the correlation between toxicity and clinical outcomes has suddenly been suggested, but it is still to be proven. We conducted a systematic literature review regarding this emerging association, pointing out all the available data and speculating on the possible underlying mechanisms. Thirty-six studies were included in the analysis, involving different malignancies (mostly melanoma and lung cancer), with different measured clinical outcomes. The most of them were retrospective. Despite the high heterogeneity, and the enormous biases of the revised studies, we can assume that irAEs occurrence is linked to the therapeutic activity of immune checkpoint inhibitors, with a (certain) direct proportionality, maybe subtending the likelihood of an immunogenic phenotype. This phenomenon seems to occur with both anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 and anti-programmed death-1/programmed death ligand-1, and across different solid malignancies.

中文翻译:

对晚期癌症患者中免疫相关不良事件的发生与检查点抑制剂的临床结局之间新兴关系的系统评价。

临床结局与治疗相关不良事件(AEs)之间的相关性一直是临床肿瘤学界争论不休的话题。尽管有毒性药效学作用,但误解一直在指日可待:不良事件本身可能导致发病和死亡。另一方面,要衡量的临床结果的选择并不是明确的。免疫检查点抑制剂(ICI)(例如抗细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关蛋白4和抗程序性死亡1 /程序性死亡配体1)问世之后,出现了新的类特异性AE,称为免疫相关AE (irAEs)。对于irAEs,突然有人提出了毒性和临床结果之间的相关性,但仍有待证明。我们对该新兴协会进行了系统的文献综述,指出所有可用数据并推测可能的潜在机制。该分析共包括36项研究,涉及不同的恶性肿瘤(主要是黑色素瘤和肺癌),其临床结果也有所不同。其中大多数是回顾性的。尽管异质性很高,并且修订研究存在很大偏差,但我们可以假设irAE的发生与免疫检查点抑制剂的治疗活性相关,并且具有一定的正比例关系,也许可以掩盖免疫原性表型的可能性。这种现象似乎与抗细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关蛋白4和抗程序性死亡1 /程序性死亡配体1都发生,并且发生在不同的实体恶性肿瘤中。该分析共包括36项研究,涉及不同的恶性肿瘤(主要是黑色素瘤和肺癌),其临床结果也有所不同。其中大多数是回顾性的。尽管异质性很高,并且修订研究存在很大偏差,但我们可以假设irAE的发生与免疫检查点抑制剂的治疗活性相关,并且具有一定的正比例关系,也许可以掩盖免疫原性表型的可能性。这种现象似乎与抗细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关蛋白4和抗程序性死亡1 /程序性死亡配体1都发生,并且发生在不同的实体恶性肿瘤中。该分析共包括36项研究,涉及不同的恶性肿瘤(主要是黑色素瘤和肺癌),其临床结果也有所不同。其中大多数是回顾性的。尽管异质性很高,并且修订研究存在很大偏见,我们可以假设irAE的发生与免疫检查点抑制剂的治疗活性相关,并且具有一定的正比例关系,也许可以掩盖免疫原性表型的可能性。这种现象似乎与抗细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关蛋白4和抗程序性死亡1 /程序性死亡配体1都发生,并且发生在不同的实体恶性肿瘤中。尽管异质性很高,并且修订研究存在很大偏差,但我们可以假设irAE的发生与免疫检查点抑制剂的治疗活性相关,并且具有一定的正比例关系,也许可以掩盖免疫原性表型的可能性。这种现象似乎与抗细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关蛋白4和抗程序性死亡1 /程序性死亡配体1都发生,并且发生在不同的实体恶性肿瘤中。尽管异质性很高,并且修订研究存在很大偏差,但我们可以假设irAE的发生与免疫检查点抑制剂的治疗活性相关,并且具有一定的正比例关系,也许可以掩盖免疫原性表型的可能性。这种现象似乎与抗细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关蛋白4和抗程序性死亡1 /程序性死亡配体1都发生,并且发生在不同的实体恶性肿瘤中。
更新日期:2019-11-07
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