The eye is a very important organ in the human body which is affected by various external factors. One of these factors is the sunlight which can cause the visual impairment and as well as the increase in the oxidative stress. The heme oxygenase I (HO-1) plays a very important role in the fight against the oxidative stress. The HO enzyme catalyses the degradation of the heme to the ferrous iron, the biliverdin and the carbon monoxide (CO). The HO-2 is the isoform HO-1 and is mainly constitutively expressed. We have studied the changes in the HO-1 and the HO-2 in the retina on the level of the RNA and the protein in the summer and in the winter season (the biggest difference is in the length of the day light). The retina of the eye was obtained from the breeding pigs in concern (Sus scrofa f. domestica) posthumously. The expression of the HO-1 genes in the retina cells is higher in the winter and the amount of protein decreases. However, the HO enzyme concentration definitely increases in the summer, when the production of the free radicals (the oxidative stress) related to the exposition to the sunlight is greater. The obtained results suggest that various factors have the influence on the protein synthesis. One of the factors, can be the miRNA which blocks the synthesis of the HO. Another factors, influencing the HO are the biological clock, the sunlight and the UV radiation associated with it.

中文翻译：

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视网膜猪血红素加氧酶的季节性变化。

眼睛是人体中非常重要的器官，会受到各种外部因素的影响。这些因素之一是阳光，它可能导致视力障碍以及氧化应激反应增加。血红素加氧酶I（HO-1）在对抗氧化应激中起着非常重要的作用。HO酶催化血红素降解为亚铁，联免疫生物素和一氧化碳（CO）。HO-2是同种型HO-1，并且主要组成性表达。我们研究了夏季和冬季，视网膜中HO-1和HO-2在RNA和蛋白质水平上的变化（最大的区别在于日光的长度）。眼睛的视网膜是从有关的种猪（Sus scrofa f。domestica）死后获得的。冬季，视网膜细胞中HO-1基因的表达较高，而蛋白质的数量则减少。然而，当暴露于阳光下的自由基的产生量（氧化应激）更大时，HO酶的浓度在夏天肯定会增加。所得结果表明各种因素对蛋白质合成有影响。因素之一可能是阻断HO合成的miRNA。影响HO的另一个因素是生物钟，太阳光和与之相关的紫外线辐射。当与暴露于阳光下有关的自由基的产生（氧化应激）更大时。所得结果表明各种因素对蛋白质合成有影响。因素之一可能是阻断HO合成的miRNA。影响HO的另一个因素是生物钟，太阳光和与之相关的紫外线辐射。当与暴露于阳光下有关的自由基的产生（氧化应激）更大时。所得结果表明各种因素对蛋白质合成有影响。因素之一可能是阻断HO合成的miRNA。影响HO的另一个因素是生物钟，太阳光和与之相关的紫外线辐射。