The marriage of cognitive neurophysiology and mathematical psychology to understand decision-making has been exceptionally productive. This interdisciplinary area is based on the proposition that particular neurons or circuits instantiate the accumulation of evidence specified by mathematical models of sequential sampling and stochastic accumulation. This linking proposition has earned widespread endorsement. Here, a brief survey of the history of the proposition precedes a review of multiple conundrums and paradoxes concerning the accuracy, precision, and transparency of that linking proposition. Correctly establishing how abstract models of decision-making are instantiated by particular neural circuits would represent a remarkable accomplishment in mapping mind to brain. Failing would reveal challenging limits for cognitive neuroscience. This is such a vigorous area of research because so much is at stake.

中文翻译：

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累加器、神经元和响应时间

认知神经生理学和数学心理学在理解决策过程中的结合非常富有成效。这个跨学科领域基于这样一个命题，即特定的神经元或电路实例化了由顺序采样和随机积累的数学模型指定的证据积累。这种联系主张赢得了广泛的认可。在此，先简要回顾命题的历史，然后再回顾有关该链接命题的准确性、精确性和透明度的多个难题和悖论。正确建立抽象的决策模型如何由特定的神经回路实例化，将代表在将思想映射到大脑方面取得的非凡成就。失败将揭示认知神经科学的挑战性极限。