Nucleoside phosphorylases catalyze the reversible phosphorolysis of pyrimidine and purine nucleosides in the presence of phosphate. They are valuable catalysts in the synthesis of nucleosides and their analogues, which are often used as pharmaceuticals or their precursors. Thermostable nucleoside phosphorylases are promising biocatalysts, as they withstand harsh reaction conditions such as high pH or the addition of organic solvents. In this review, the characteristics and properties of thermostable nucleoside phosphorylases are described. Differences in amino acid content and protein structure were compared to their mesophilic homologues to identify features involved in thermostability. Substrate spectra of thermostable nucleoside phosphorylases were analyzed, and it is shown that thermostable nucleoside phosphorylases have a wider substrate spectrum than their mesophilic counterparts. Thus, thermostable nucleoside phosphorylases are interesting biocatalysts for industrial applications.

中文翻译：

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嗜热核苷磷酸化酶：其性质，特征和应用。

核苷磷酸化酶在存在磷酸盐的情况下催化嘧啶和嘌呤核苷的可逆磷酸解。在核苷及其类似物的合成中，它们是有价值的催化剂，通常被用作药物或其前体。热稳定的核苷磷酸化酶是有前途的生物催化剂，因为它们可以承受苛刻的反应条件，例如高pH值或添加有机溶剂。在这篇综述中，描述了热稳定核苷磷酸化酶的特性和性质。将氨基酸含量和蛋白质结构的差异与其嗜温同源物进行比较，以鉴定涉及热稳定性的特征。分析了热稳定核苷磷酸化酶的底物光谱，结果表明，热稳定的核苷磷酸化酶的底物谱比嗜温的对应物宽。因此，热稳定的核苷磷酸化酶是工业应用中令人关注的生物催化剂。