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Planck evidence for a closed Universe and a possible crisis for cosmology
Nature Astronomy ( IF 14.1 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-04 , DOI: 10.1038/s41550-019-0906-9
Eleonora Di Valentino , Alessandro Melchiorri , Joseph Silk

The recent Planck Legacy 2018 release has confirmed the presence of an enhanced lensing amplitude in cosmic microwave background power spectra compared with that predicted in the standard Λ cold dark matter model, where Λ is the cosmological constant. A closed Universe can provide a physical explanation for this effect, with the Planck cosmic microwave background spectra now preferring a positive curvature at more than the 99% confidence level. Here, we further investigate the evidence for a closed Universe from Planck, showing that positive curvature naturally explains the anomalous lensing amplitude, and demonstrating that it also removes a well-known tension in the Planck dataset concerning the values of cosmological parameters derived at different angular scales. We show that since the Planck power spectra prefer a closed Universe, discordances higher than generally estimated arise for most of the local cosmological observables, including baryon acoustic oscillations. The assumption of a flat Universe could therefore mask a cosmological crisis where disparate observed properties of the Universe appear to be mutually inconsistent. Future measurements are needed to clarify whether the observed discordances are due to undetected systematics, or to new physics or simply are a statistical fluctuation.



中文翻译:

普朗克证明宇宙密闭以及宇宙学可能发生的危机

最近普朗克旧版2018释放已确认在宇宙微波背景功率谱的增强透镜振幅与所预测的在标准相比的存在Λ冷暗物质模型,其中Λ是宇宙常数。一个封闭的宇宙可以为这种效应提供一个物理解释,而普朗克宇宙微波背景光谱现在更倾向于在大于99%置信度水平的正曲率。在这里,我们进一步研究了普朗克封闭宇宙的证据,表明正曲率自然地解释了异常的透镜振幅,并表明它也消除了普朗克数据集中与不同角度导出的宇宙学参数有关的众所周知的张力。秤。我们表明,由于普朗克功率谱更喜欢封闭的宇宙,因此对于大多数本地宇宙学可观察到的东西(包括重子声振荡),出现了比一般估计更高的不一致。因此,假设一个扁平的宇宙可能掩盖宇宙危机,在宇宙危机中,观察到的不同的宇宙特性似乎是相互矛盾的。需要进行进一步的测量,以澄清观察到的不一致是由于未检测到的系统性因素,还是由于新物理学,还是仅仅是统计上的波动。

更新日期:2019-11-04
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