Plasticizers are nonvolatile organic liquids that impart flexibility to polymers. Due to environmental, health, and safety reasons, the industry is looking for bioplasticizers to replace petroleum‐derived phthalates. To fulfill this need, soy fatty acid ester estolides were synthesized, characterized, and evaluated as phthalate replacements. Soybean oil was transesterified with methanol or glycerol to form lower molecular weight fatty acid esters that were epoxidized and ring opened with acetic acid and acetylated to give the final products. Ring opening and acetylation of the epoxidized oleic acid esters gave acyclic acetate fatty acid ester estolides, whereas the polyunsaturated fatty acid esters, linoleate, and linolenate gave cyclic tetrahydrofuran derivatives and cross‐linked higher molecular weight materials. The cyclization mechanism to form the tetrahydrofuran derivatives was postulated. Soy fatty acid ester estolides were compounded with formulated poly(vinyl chloride), (PVC) and tested for their functional properties. The physical and functional properties of the new bioplasticizers were compared with commercial plasticizers. The elasticity of PVC compounded with experimental plasticizers and commercial phthalates was comparable. PVC compounded with fatty acid methyl ester estolide showed lower glass transition temperature and similar tensile properties compared to PVC compounded with the commercial phthalate. PVC compounded with the glyceryl fatty acid ester estolide showed a higher glass transition temperature, higher tensile properties compared to PVC compounded with the commercial phthalate.

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大豆脂肪酸酯作为生物增塑剂在聚氯乙烯中的合成与评价

增塑剂是赋予聚合物柔韧性的非挥发性有机液体。出于环境，健康和安全方面的原因，该行业正在寻找生物增塑剂来代替石油衍生的邻苯二甲酸酯。为了满足这种需求，合成，表征和评估了大豆脂肪酸酯的雌二醇作为邻苯二甲酸酯的替代物。大豆油与甲醇或甘油进行酯交换反应，形成较低分子量的脂肪酸酯，将其环氧化并用乙酸开环并乙酰化，得到最终产物。环氧化的油酸酯的开环和乙酰化反应生成无环乙酸酯脂肪酸酯，而多不饱和脂肪酸酯，亚油酸酯和亚油酸酯生成环状的四氢呋喃衍生物和交联的高分子量物质。推测形成四氢呋喃衍生物的环化机理。将大豆脂肪酸酯雌二醇与配制的聚氯乙烯（PVC）混合，并测试其功能特性。将新型生物增塑剂的物理和功能特性与市售增塑剂进行了比较。与实验增塑剂和市售邻苯二甲酸酯复合的PVC的弹性是可比的。与掺有邻苯二甲酸酯的聚氯乙烯相比，掺有脂肪酸甲酯乙磺酸内酯的聚氯乙烯显示出较低的玻璃化转变温度和类似的拉伸性能。与掺有商用邻苯二甲酸酯的PVC相比，掺有甘油脂肪酸酯乙二胺的PVC显示出更高的玻璃化转变温度和更高的拉伸性能。将大豆脂肪酸酯雌二醇与配制的聚氯乙烯（PVC）混合，并测试其功能特性。将新型生物增塑剂的物理和功能特性与市售增塑剂进行了比较。与实验增塑剂和市售邻苯二甲酸酯复合的PVC的弹性是可比的。与掺有邻苯二甲酸酯的聚氯乙烯相比，掺有脂肪酸甲酯乙磺酸内酯的聚氯乙烯显示出较低的玻璃化转变温度和类似的拉伸性能。与掺有商用邻苯二甲酸酯的PVC相比，与甘油脂肪酸酯乙二胺共混的PVC显示出更高的玻璃化转变温度和更高的拉伸性能。将大豆脂肪酸酯雌二醇与配制的聚氯乙烯（PVC）混合，并测试其功能特性。将新型生物增塑剂的物理和功能特性与市售增塑剂进行了比较。与实验增塑剂和市售邻苯二甲酸酯复合的PVC的弹性是可比的。与掺有邻苯二甲酸酯的聚氯乙烯相比，掺有脂肪酸甲酯乙磺酸内酯的聚氯乙烯显示出较低的玻璃化转变温度和类似的拉伸性能。与掺有商用邻苯二甲酸酯的PVC相比，与甘油脂肪酸酯乙二胺共混的PVC显示出更高的玻璃化转变温度和更高的拉伸性能。将新型生物增塑剂的物理和功能特性与市售增塑剂进行了比较。与实验增塑剂和市售邻苯二甲酸酯复合的PVC的弹性是可比的。与掺有邻苯二甲酸酯的聚氯乙烯相比，掺有脂肪酸甲酯乙磺酸内酯的聚氯乙烯显示出较低的玻璃化转变温度和类似的拉伸性能。与掺有商用邻苯二甲酸酯的PVC相比，与甘油脂肪酸酯乙二胺共混的PVC显示出更高的玻璃化转变温度和更高的拉伸性能。将新型生物增塑剂的物理和功能特性与市售增塑剂进行了比较。与实验增塑剂和市售邻苯二甲酸酯复合的PVC的弹性是可比的。与掺有邻苯二甲酸酯的聚氯乙烯相比，掺有脂肪酸甲酯乙磺酸内酯的聚氯乙烯显示出较低的玻璃化转变温度和类似的拉伸性能。与掺有商用邻苯二甲酸酯的PVC相比，与甘油脂肪酸酯乙二胺共混的PVC显示出更高的玻璃化转变温度和更高的拉伸性能。与掺有邻苯二甲酸酯的聚氯乙烯相比，掺有脂肪酸甲酯乙磺酸内酯的聚氯乙烯显示出较低的玻璃化转变温度和类似的拉伸性能。与掺有商用邻苯二甲酸酯的PVC相比，与甘油脂肪酸酯乙二胺共混的PVC显示出更高的玻璃化转变温度和更高的拉伸性能。与掺有邻苯二甲酸酯的聚氯乙烯相比，掺有脂肪酸甲酯乙磺酸内酯的聚氯乙烯显示出较低的玻璃化转变温度和类似的拉伸性能。与掺有商用邻苯二甲酸酯的PVC相比，与甘油脂肪酸酯乙二胺共混的PVC显示出更高的玻璃化转变温度和更高的拉伸性能。