The fundamental concept of phase discussed in this tutorial aimed at providing students with an explanation of the delays and processing parameters they may find in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) pulse programs. We consider the phase of radio‐frequency pulses, receiver, and magnetization and how all these parameters are related to phases and offsets of signals in spectra. The impact of the off‐resonance effect on the phase of the magnetization is discussed before presenting an overview of how adjustment of the time reference of the free induction decay avoids first‐order correction of the phase of spectra. The main objective of this tutorial is to show how the relative phase of a pulse and the receiver can be used to change the reference frequency along direct and indirect dimensions of NMR experiments. Unusual of phase incrementation with non‐90° angles will be illustrated on one‐ and two‐dimensional NMR spectra.

中文翻译：

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您想了解的关于一维和二维 NMR 光谱中的相位和参考频率的所有信息

本教程中讨论的基本相位概念旨在向学生解释他们可能在核磁共振 (NMR) 脉冲程序中发现的延迟和处理参数。我们考虑射频脉冲、接收器和磁化的相位，以及所有这些参数如何与频谱中信号的相位和偏移相关。在概述自由感应衰减的时间参考调整如何避免光谱相位的一阶校正之前，讨论了偏共振效应对磁化相位的影响。本教程的主要目的是展示如何使用脉冲和接收器的相对相位来改变 NMR 实验的直接和间接维度上的参考频率。