This paper proposes a novel in vitro exposure system operating at millimeter-wave (mmWave) 28 GHz, one of the frequency bands under consideration for fifth generation (5G) communication. We employed the field uniformity concept along cross-sectional observation planes at shorter distances from the radiation antenna for better efficiency and a small-size system. A choke-ring antenna was designed for this purpose in consideration of a wider beamwidth (BW) and a symmetric far-field pattern across three principal planes. The permittivity of Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium solution was measured to examine the specific absorption rate (SAR) of the skin cell layer inside a Petri dish model for a three-dimensional (3D) cell culture in vitro experiment. The best deployment of Petri dishes, taking into account a geometrical field symmetry, was proposed. Local SAR values within the cell layer among the Petri dishes were determined with different polarization angles. It was determined that this polarization effect should be considered when the actual exposure and deployment were conducted. We finally proposed an in vitro exposure system based on the field uniformity including downward exposure from an antenna for 3D cell culture experiments. A small-size chamber system was obtained, and the size was estimated using the planar near-field chamber design rule. Bioelectromagnetics. 2019;40:445-457. © 2019 Bioelectromagnetics Society.

中文翻译：

---

基于三维场均匀性的28 GHz体外暴露系统在三维细胞培养实验中的建议。

本文提出了一种新颖的体外曝光系统，该系统在28 GHz毫米波（mmWave）下运行，该系统正在考虑用于第五代（5G）通信的频段之一。我们在距辐射天线较短距离的横截面观察平面上采用了场均匀性概念，以实现更高的效率和更小的系统尺寸。考虑到更宽的波束宽度（BW）和跨三个主平面的对称远场方向图，为此设计了扼流圈天线。测量了Dulbecco改良的Eagle介质溶液的介电常数，以检查培养皿模型中用于三维（3D）细胞体外培养的皮肤细胞层的比吸收率（SAR）。考虑到几何场对称性，培养皿的最佳部署，被提出。用不同的偏振角确定皮氏培养皿中细胞层内的局部SAR值。已确定在进行实际的曝光和部署时应考虑这种极化效应。我们最终提出了一种基于场均匀性的体外曝光系统，包括从天线进行3D细胞培养实验所需的向下曝光。获得了小型腔室系统，并使用平面近场腔室设计规则估算了尺寸。生物电磁学。2019; 40：445-457。©2019生物电磁学会。我们最终提出了一种基于场均匀性的体外曝光系统，包括从天线进行3D细胞培养实验所需的向下曝光。获得了小型腔室系统，并使用平面近场腔室设计规则估算了尺寸。生物电磁学。2019; 40：445-457。©2019生物电磁学会。我们最终提出了一种基于场均匀性的体外曝光系统，包括从天线进行3D细胞培养实验所需的向下曝光。获得了小型腔室系统，并使用平面近场腔室设计规则估算了尺寸。生物电磁学。2019; 40：445-457。©2019生物电磁学会。