The mitochondrial structure and the contents of subunits (NDUFV2, SDHA, Cyt b, COX1) of mitochondrial respiratory complexes I-IV as well as of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1α) in the brain cortex (BC) of rats with high resistance (HR) and low resistance (LR) to hypoxia were studied for the first time depending on the severity of hypoxia. Different regimes of 30-min hypobaric hypoxia (pO2 14, 10, and 8%) were used. It was found that cortical mitochondria responded to 30-min hypobaric hypoxia of different severity with typical and progressing changes in mitochondrial structure and function of mitochondrial enzymes. Under 14 and 10% hypoxia, animals developed compensatory structural and metabolic responses aimed at supporting the cell energy homeostasis. Consequently, these hypoxia regimes can be used for treatment in pressure chambers. At the same time, decreasing the oxygen concentration in the inhaled air to 8% led to the appearance of destructive processes in brain mitochondria. The features of mitochondrial ultrastructure and the function of respiratory enzymes in the BC of HR and LR rats exposed to normoxic and hypoxic conditions suggest that the two types of animals had two essentially distinct functional and metabolic patterns determined by different efficiency of the energy apparatus. The development of adaptive and destructive responses involved different metabolic pathways of the oxidation of energy substrates and different efficiency of the functioning of mitochondrial respiratory carriers.

中文翻译：

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缺氧对不同耐缺氧能力的大鼠大脑皮质线粒体酶和超微结构的影响。

高发大鼠大脑皮质（BC）线粒体呼吸复合物I-IV以及低氧诱导因子（HIF-1α）的线粒体结构和亚基含量（NDUFV2，SDHA，Cyt b，COX1）根据缺氧的严重程度，首次研究了对缺氧的抵抗力（HR）和低抵抗力（LR）。使用了30分钟低压缺氧（pO2 14、10和8％）的不同方案。已发现皮质线粒体对不同严重程度的低压缺氧30分钟有反应，线粒体结构和线粒体酶功能的典型变化是不断变化的。在14％和10％的低氧下，动物产生了旨在支持细胞能量稳态的代偿性结构和代谢反应。因此，这些低氧状态可用于压力室的治疗。同时，将吸入空气中的氧气浓度降低至8％会导致脑线粒体出现破坏性过程。暴露于常氧和低氧条件下的HR和LR大鼠的BC中线粒体超微结构的特征和呼吸酶的功能表明，这两种类型的动物具有两种本质上截然不同的功能和代谢方式，这取决于能量设备的效率。适应性和破坏性反应的发展涉及能量底物氧化的不同代谢途径和线粒体呼吸载体功能的不同效率。暴露于常氧和低氧条件下的HR和LR大鼠的BC中线粒体超微结构的特征和呼吸酶的功能表明，这两种类型的动物具有两种本质上截然不同的功能和代谢方式，这取决于能量设备的效率。适应性和破坏性反应的发展涉及能量底物氧化的不同代谢途径和线粒体呼吸载体功能的不同效率。暴露于常氧和低氧条件下的HR和LR大鼠的BC中线粒体超微结构的特征和呼吸酶的功能表明，这两种类型的动物具有两种本质上截然不同的功能和代谢方式，这取决于能量设备的效率。适应性和破坏性反应的发展涉及能量底物氧化的不同代谢途径和线粒体呼吸载体功能的不同效率。