In the present work Ba(Ti_1-xCe_x)O₃ ceramics are prepared through a standard solid-state sintering process. Crystal structures, dielectric properties, ferroelectric properties and electrocaloric effects are exactly studied. Ce⁴⁺ ions cannot entirely enter the position of Ti⁴⁺, so some impure phases are generated. The diffusivity of phase transition is strengthened by substituting Ti⁴⁺ with Ce⁴⁺ cations. The maximal pyroelectric coefficient decreases, and the extent of corresponding temperature deviating from the dielectric peak temperature to higher temperature increases with increasing the content of cerium cations. The adiabatic temperature change and isothermal entropy change display the same tendency as that of the pyroelectric coefficient. The Ba(Ti_0.9Ce_0.1)O₃ ceramic shows the largest adiabatic temperature change of 0.41 K and the largest isothermal entropy change of 0.45 J/(kg·K) among the ceramics. Accordingly, the adiabatic temperature change responsivity is 0.090 × 10⁻⁶ K·m/V, and the isothermal entropy change responsivity is 0.100 × 10⁻⁶ J·m/(kg·K·V). For individual composition, the absolute value of pyroelectric coefficient decreases with increasing the magnitude of applied electric field, and the temperature of maximal pyroelectric coefficient deviates from the dielectric peak temperature shifts to higher temperature. Ba(Ti_0.9Ce_0.1)O₃ ceramics show the largest pyroelectric energy density of 0.14 J/cm³ among all compositions.

中文翻译：

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弥散铁电体Ba（Ti 1-x Ce x）O 3陶瓷的电热效应和热电能量收集

在目前的工作中，Ba（Ti _1-x Ce _x）O ₃陶瓷是通过标准的固态烧结工艺制备的。精确研究了晶体结构，介电性能，铁电性能和电热效应。Ce ⁴⁺离子不能完全进入Ti ⁴⁺的位置，因此会生成一些不纯相。通过用Ce ⁴⁺代替Ti ⁴⁺可以增强相变的扩散性阳离子。随着铈阳离子含量的增加，最大热电系数减小，并且相应的温度从介电峰温度偏离到较高温度的程度增加。绝热温度变化和等温熵变化表现出与热电系数相同的趋势。Ba（Ti _0.9 Ce _0.1）O ₃陶瓷的绝热温度变化最大，为0.41 K，最大等温熵变为0.45 J /（kg·K）。因此，绝热温度变化响应度为0.090×10 ^-6  K·m / V，等温熵变化响应度为0.100×10 ^-6 J·m /（kg·K·V）。对于单独的成分，热电系数的绝对值随施加的电场强度的增加而减小，并且最大热电系数的温度偏离介电峰温度而移至更高的温度。在所有组成中，Ba（Ti _0.9 Ce _0.1）O ₃陶瓷的最大热电能量密度为0.14 J / cm ³。