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Volatile organic compounds emitted from endophytic fungus Trichoderma asperellum T1 mediate antifungal activity, defense response and promote plant growth in lettuce (Lactuca sativa)
Fungal Ecology ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2019-10-31 , DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2019.100867
Prisana Wonglom , Shin-ichi Ito , Anurag Sunpapao

Trichoderma species are applied as biological control agents and biofertilizers to control plant diseases and enhance crop yields. The ability to inhibit pathogens, induce defense responses, and promote plant growth can result from the production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In this study, we evaluated the effects of VOCs from Trichoderma asperellum T1 on those multifaceted actions in lettuce. The VOCs released by T. asperellum T1 inhibited fungal growth of two leaf spot fungal pathogens, Corynespora cassiicola and Curvularia aeria. Lettuces responded to VOCs by increasing activities of the cell-wall degrading enzymes chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase to 1.26 U mL−1 and 4.45 U mL−1, respectively, above those in the control. Accumulation of cell-wall degrading enzymes in lettuce that had been treated with VOCs resulted in morphological changes to fungal cell-walls. Exposure to the VOCs emitted by T. asperellum T1 significantly increased numbers of leaves and roots, plant biomass and total chlorophyll content in lettuce. Furthermore, GC/MS analysis revealed that T. asperellum T1 emitted 22 volatile compounds, which are involved in antifungal activity, inducing defense responses, and promoting growth in lettuce.



中文翻译:

内生真菌曲霉木霉T1释放的挥发性有机化合物介导抗真菌活性,防御反应并促进生菜(Lactuca sativa)的植物生长。

木霉属物种被用作生物防治剂和生物肥料,以控制植物病害并提高农作物产量。挥发性有机化合物(VOC)的产生可以抑制病原体,诱导防御反应并促进植物生长。在这项研究中,我们评估了来自曲霉木霉T1的VOC对生菜中这些多方面作用的影响。T. asperellum T1释放的VOC抑制了两种叶斑真菌病原体Corynespora cassiicolaCurvularia aeria的真菌生长。生菜通过增加细胞壁降解酶几丁质酶和β -1,3-葡聚糖酶的活性至1.26 U mL -1来响应VOCs分别比对照高4.45 U mL -1和1.45 U mL -1。用VOC处理过的莴苣中细胞壁降解酶的积累导致真菌细胞壁的形态发生变化。暴露于曲霉T1排放的VOC会显着增加莴苣的叶和根数量,植物生物量和总叶绿素含量。此外,GC / MS分析表明,曲霉T1释放出22种挥发性化合物,这些化合物参与抗真菌活性,诱导防御反应并促进生菜的生长。

更新日期:2019-10-31
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