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Traumatic and nontraumatic spinal cord injury: pathological insights from neuroimaging.
Nature Reviews Neurology ( IF 38.1 ) Pub Date : 2019-10-31 , DOI: 10.1038/s41582-019-0270-5
Gergely David 1, 2 , Siawoosh Mohammadi 2, 3 , Allan R Martin 4 , Julien Cohen-Adad 5 , Nikolaus Weiskopf 3, 6 , Alan Thompson 7 , Patrick Freund 1, 3, 6, 7, 8
Affiliation  

Pathophysiological changes in the spinal cord white and grey matter resulting from injury can be observed with MRI techniques. These techniques provide sensitive markers of macrostructural and microstructural tissue integrity, which correlate with histological findings. Spinal cord MRI findings in traumatic spinal cord injury (tSCI) and nontraumatic spinal cord injury - the most common form of which is degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) - have provided important insights into the pathophysiological processes taking place not just at the focal injury site but also rostral and caudal to the spinal injury. Although tSCI and DCM have different aetiologies, they show similar degrees of spinal cord pathology remote from the injury site, suggesting the involvement of similar secondary degenerative mechanisms. Advanced quantitative MRI protocols that are sensitive to spinal cord pathology have the potential to improve diagnosis and, more importantly, predict outcomes in patients with tSCI or nontraumatic spinal cord injury. This Review describes the insights into tSCI and DCM that have been revealed by neuroimaging and outlines current activities and future directions for the field.

中文翻译:

创伤性和非创伤性脊髓损伤:神经影像学的病理学见解。

使用 MRI 技术可以观察到由损伤引起的脊髓白质和灰质的病理生理变化。这些技术提供了与组织学发现相关的宏观和微观结构组织完整性的敏感标记。创伤性脊髓损伤 (tSCI) 和非创伤性脊髓损伤(最常见的形式是退行性脊髓型颈椎病 (DCM))中的脊髓 MRI 发现为不仅在局灶性损伤部位发生的病理生理过程提供了重要见解,而且脊髓损伤的头端和尾端也有。尽管 tSCI 和 DCM 有不同的病因,但它们在远离损伤部位的地方表现出相似程度的脊髓病理学,表明参与了相似的继发性退行性机制。对脊髓病理学敏感的先进定量 MRI 方案有可能改善诊断,更重要的是,可以预测 tSCI 或非创伤性脊髓损伤患者的预后。本综述描述了神经影像学揭示的对 tSCI 和 DCM 的见解,并概述了该领域的当前活动和未来方向。
更新日期:2019-11-01
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