Aldehydes are perhaps the most versatile compounds that enable many C-C bond forming reactions, which are not amenable for other subclasses of carbonyl compounds. We report the first use of amides as surrogates of aldehydes for C-C bond formation, namely, the direct Knoevenagel-type condensation based on amides. The one-pot method consists of controlled reduction of an amide with LDBIPA [LiAlH(iBu)₂(OiPr)], Lewis acid-mediated release of a reactive iminium ion intermediate, nucleophilic addition, and in situ elimination of amine. The reaction shows good functional group tolerance. We also demonstrated that the Schwartz reagent could be used as an alternative of LDBIPA. The employment of nitromethane and a silyl enol ether as the nucleophiles opens an avenue for the unprecedented amide-based nitro-aldol condensation reaction and aldol condensation reaction, respectively.

中文翻译：

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酰胺作为醛代用品用于CC键形成：酰胺基直接Knoevenagel型缩合反应及相关反应

醛也许是最能实现许多CC键形成反应的多功能化合物，这些不适用于羰基化合物的其他亚类。我们报道了酰胺的首次使用作为CC代形成醛的替代品，即基于酰胺的直接Knoevenagel型缩合反应。一锅法包括用LDBIPA [LiAlH（i Bu）₂（O i Pr）]控制酰胺还原，路易斯酸介导的反应性亚胺离子中间体的释放，亲核加成和原位反应消除胺。该反应显示出良好的官能团耐受性。我们还证明了Schwartz试剂可以用作LDBIPA的替代品。使用硝基甲烷和甲硅烷基烯醇醚作为亲核试剂分别为空前的基于酰胺的硝基-羟醛缩合反应和羟醛缩合反应开辟了道路。