Needles of Juniperus rigida are used in Chinese traditional medicine for the treatment of brucellosis, dropsy, skin disease, and rheumatoid arthritis. This is the first study that reports anatomical structures of the J. rigida needles collected at different altitudes. The most common anatomical, phytochemical, and histochemical techniques and methods are used. The results show that anatomical structures and chemical composition change significantly at different altitudes. The main anatomical characters are significant xeromorphic structures (thick epidermis, hypodermis, and cuticle), a stomatal band, a developed vascular bundle, and a marginal resin duct. The xeromorphic structures become more pronounced with increasing altitude. The phytochemical and histochemical results demonstrate that the content of the main chemical compounds (phenols and terpenoids) basically increases at a higher elevation. Histochemical analysis localizes the phenols in epidermal cells, sponge tissue, endothelial layer cells, and stomatal bands, and the terpenoids in palisade tissue, sponge tissue, and the edge of the resin duct. This work reveals the relation between anatomy and chemistry in J. rigida needles, contributes to the quality control of its ethno-medicine, and provides the evidence to develop the commercial cultivation.

中文翻译：

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不同海拔杜松针的解剖、植物化学和组织化学研究

针杜松在中药中用于治疗布鲁氏菌病、水肿、皮肤病和类风湿性关节炎。这是第一个报告解剖结构的研究J.rigida在不同高度收集的针头。使用最常见的解剖学、植物化学和组织化学技术和方法。结果表明，解剖结构和化学成分在不同海拔高度发生显着变化。主要解剖特征是显着的异形结构（厚表皮、皮下组织和角质层）、气孔带、发达的维管束和边缘树脂导管。随着海拔的升高，异形结构变得更加明显。植物化学和组织化学结果表明，主要化合物（酚类和萜类化合物）的含量在较高海拔处基本增加。组织化学分析定位表皮细胞、海绵组织、内皮层细胞和气孔带中的酚类，以及栅栏组织中的萜类化合物，海绵组织和树脂导管的边缘。这项工作揭示了解剖学和化学之间的关系J.rigida针，有助于其民族药的质量控制，并为发展商业种植提供证据。