Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is one of the most important mycotoxins due to its hepatotoxic and carcinogenic effects on animals. The effect of dietary supplementation with vegetable choline (VC) at 400, 800, and 1200 mg/kg against the deleterious effects of AFB1 (2 ppm/kg diet) in the liver of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) was studied. The experimental period was 81 days, and the diet with VC was offered to the fish for 60 days prior to challenge with AFB1. Diets with AFB1 were tested in three replications and animals were analyzed at days 14 and 21 of dietary intake. The addition of VC to tilapia diet increased body weight (days 30 and 60 pre-challenge and day 21 post-challenge). The group fed aflatoxin-contaminated diet presented significantly reduced antioxidant enzymes and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) levels, and protein carbonyl (PC) content in the liver. Dietary supplementation with VC at 800 and 1200 mg/kg demonstrated a significant protective effect, avoiding the increase of ROS, TBARS, and PC levels in the liver of tilapia from the aflatoxin contaminated groups. Thus, dietary VC supplementation may be used in tilapia to increase antioxidant status and reduce the negative effects caused by AFB1 toxicity. Based on the findings, it is recommended to use VC as a food supplement for Nile tilapia in order to avoid AFB1 toxication. In addition, decreased aflatoxin toxicity can be attributed to the VC antioxidant property.

中文翻译：

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膳食植物胆碱可改善受黄曲霉毒素污染的尼罗罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus）的肝脏健康。

黄曲霉毒素B1（AFB1）由于对动物具有肝毒性和致癌作用，因此是最重要的霉菌毒素之一。研究了日粮中添加400、800和1200 mg / kg蔬菜胆碱（VC）对尼罗罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus）肝脏中AFB1（2 ppm / kg日粮）的有害作用。实验期为81天，并在用AFB1攻击前向鱼提供了VC饮食60天。对具有AFB1的饮食进行了三次重复测试，并在饮食摄入的第14和21天对动物进行了分析。罗非鱼饮食中添加VC会增加体重（挑战前30天和60天以及挑战后21天）。饲喂受黄曲霉毒素污染的饮食组的抗氧化酶显着降低，而活性氧（ROS）含量升高，肝脏中的硫代巴比妥酸反应物种（TBARS）含量和蛋白质羰基（PC）含量。膳食补充800和1200 mg / kg V​​C表现出显着的保护作用，避免了受黄曲霉毒素污染的罗非鱼肝脏中ROS，TBARS和PC水平的增加。因此，日粮VC补充剂可用于罗非鱼中，以增加抗氧化剂状态并减少AFB1毒性引起的负面影响。根据这些发现，建议使用VC作为尼罗罗非鱼的食品补充剂，以避免AFB1中毒。此外，黄曲霉毒素毒性的降低可归因于VC的抗氧化性能。避免黄曲霉毒素污染组的罗非鱼肝脏中的ROS，TBARS和PC水平升高。因此，日粮VC补充剂可用于罗非鱼中，以增加抗氧化剂状态并减少AFB1毒性引起的负面影响。根据这些发现，建议使用VC作为尼罗罗非鱼的食品补充剂，以避免AFB1中毒。此外，黄曲霉毒素毒性的降低可归因于VC的抗氧化性能。避免黄曲霉毒素污染组的罗非鱼肝脏中的ROS，TBARS和PC水平升高。因此，日粮VC补充剂可用于罗非鱼中，以增加抗氧化剂状态并减少AFB1毒性所引起的负面影响。根据这些发现，建议使用VC作为尼罗罗非鱼的食品补充剂，以避免AFB1中毒。此外，黄曲霉毒素毒性的降低可归因于VC的抗氧化性能。