Today, people with HIV live longer because of antiretroviral therapy (ART) but experience a higher risk of comorbidities, including atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Increased risk of cardiovascular disease might be due to not only classic risk factors, which are over-represented in the HIV-positive population, but also additional factors not present in the general population. These factors include chronic inflammation associated with HIV infection (even if successfully treated) and the use of some antiretroviral drugs, through mechanisms that are poorly understood. Because cardiovascular events are rare, assessment of subclinical atherosclerosis measured by carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT) has been used as a surrogate marker of cardiovascular disease. cIMT reliably predicts cardiovascular events in the general population. However, the prognostic value of cIMT in people with HIV is not proven and comparisons of cIMT between HIV-positive and HIV-negative adults have shown discordant data. ^, 

中文翻译：

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是时候改变艾滋病毒感染者的心血管预防了。

如今，艾滋病毒感染者由于接受抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）的寿命更长，但罹患合并症（包括动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病）的风险更高。罹患心血管疾病的风险增加，不仅可能是由于经典的危险因素（在HIV阳性人群中所占比例过高），还有其他因素在普通人群中所没有。这些因素包括与HIV感染相关的慢性炎症（即使已成功治疗），以及通过不甚了解的机制使用了一些抗逆转录病毒药物。由于心血管事件很少见，因此通过颈动脉内膜中膜厚度（cIMT）进行的亚临床动脉粥样硬化评估已被用作心血管疾病的替代指标。cIMT可以可靠地预测普通人群的心血管事件。^，