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Effects of plant diversity on soil carbon in diverse ecosystems: a global meta‐analysis
Biological Reviews ( IF 10.0 ) Pub Date : 2019-10-18 , DOI: 10.1111/brv.12554
Xinli Chen 1 , Han Y H Chen 1, 2 , Chen Chen 1 , Zilong Ma 1 , Eric B Searle 1 , Zaipeng Yu 2, 3 , Zhiqun Huang 2, 3
Affiliation  

Soil organic carbon (SOC) is a valuable resource for mediating global climate change and securing food production. Despite an alarming rate of global plant diversity loss, uncertainties concerning the effects of plant diversity on SOC remain, because plant diversity not only stimulates litter inputs via increased productivity, thus enhancing SOC, but also stimulates microbial respiration, thus reducing SOC. By analysing 1001 paired observations of plant mixtures and corresponding monocultures from 121 publications, we show that both SOC content and stock are on average 5 and 8% higher in species mixtures than in monocultures. These positive mixture effects increase over time and are more pronounced in deeper soils. Microbial biomass carbon, an indicator of SOC release and formation, also increases, but the proportion of microbial biomass carbon in SOC is lower in mixtures. Moreover, these species‐mixture effects are consistent across forest, grassland, and cropland systems and are independent of background climates. Our results indicate that converting 50% of global forests from mixtures to monocultures would release an average of 2.70 Pg C from soil annually over a period of 20 years: about 30% of global annual fossil‐fuel emissions. Our study highlights the importance of plant diversity preservation for the maintenance of soil carbon sequestration in discussions of global climate change policy.

中文翻译:

植物多样性对不同生态系统中土壤碳的影响:一项全球荟萃分析

土壤有机碳 (SOC) 是调节全球气候变化和确保粮食生产的宝贵资源。尽管全球植物多样性丧失速度惊人,但植物多样性对 SOC 影响的不确定性仍然存在,因为植物多样性不仅通过提高生产力刺激凋落物输入,从而提高 SOC,而且还刺激微生物呼吸,从而降低 SOC。通过分析来自 121 份出版物的植物混合物和相应单一栽培的 1001 对观察结果,我们表明物种混合物中的 SOC 含量和储量平均比单一栽培高 5% 和 8%。这些积极的混合效应会随着时间的推移而增加,并且在较深的土壤中更为明显。作为 SOC 释放和形成指标的微生物生物量碳也增加,但微生物生物量碳在SOC中的比例在混合物中较低。此外,这些物种混合效应在森林、草地和农田系统中是一致的,并且独立于背景气候。我们的结果表明,将全球 50% 的森林从混合林转变为单一林,在 20 年的时间里,每年平均会从土壤中释放 2.70 Pg C:约占全球每年化石燃料排放量的 30%。我们的研究强调了在全球气候变化政策讨论中保护植物多样性对于维持土壤固碳的重要性。我们的结果表明,将全球 50% 的森林从混合林转变为单一林,在 20 年的时间里,每年平均会从土壤中释放 2.70 Pg C:约占全球每年化石燃料排放量的 30%。我们的研究强调了在全球气候变化政策讨论中保护植物多样性对于维持土壤固碳的重要性。我们的结果表明,将全球 50% 的森林从混合林转变为单一林,在 20 年的时间里,每年平均会从土壤中释放 2.70 Pg C:约占全球每年化石燃料排放量的 30%。我们的研究强调了在全球气候变化政策讨论中保护植物多样性对于维持土壤固碳的重要性。
更新日期:2019-10-18
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