BACKGROUND A central nosological problem concerns the etiological relationship of emotional dysregulation with ADHD. Molecular genetic risk scores provide a novel method for informing this question. METHODS Participants were 514 community-recruited children of Northern European descent age 7-11 defined as ADHD or non-ADHD by detailed research evaluation. Parents-rated ADHD on standardized ratings and child temperament on the Temperament in Middle Childhood Questionnaire (TMCQ) and reported on ADHD and comorbid disorders by semi-structured clinical interview. Categorical and dimensional variables were created for ADHD, emotional dysregulation (implicating disruption of regulation of both anger-irritability and of positive valence surgency-sensation seeking), and irritability alone (anger dysregulation). Genome-wide polygenic risk scores (PRS) were computed for ADHD and depression genetic liability. Structural equation models and computationally derived emotion profiles guided analysis. RESULTS The ADHD PRS was associated in variable-centered analyses with irritability (β = .179, 95% CI = 0.087-0.280; ΔR2 = .034, p < .0002), but also with surgency/sensation seeking (B = .146, 95%CI = 0.052-0.240, ΔR2 =.022, p = .002). In person-centered analysis, the ADHD PRS was elevated in the emotion dysregulation ADHD group versus other ADHD children (OR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.03-2.20, Nagelkerke ΔR2 = .013, p = .033) but did not differentiate irritable from surgent ADHD profiles. All effects were independent of variation in ADHD severity across traits or groups. The depression PRS was related to oppositional defiant disorder but not to ADHD emotion dysregulation. CONCLUSIONS Irritability-anger and surgency-sensation seeking, as forms of negative and positively valenced dysregulated affect in ADHD populations, both relate principally to ADHD genetic risk and not mood-related genetic risk.

中文翻译：

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评估多动症儿童与多动症和抑郁遗传风险有关的慢性情绪失调和易怒。

背景技术中心的疾病学问题涉及情绪失调与ADHD的病因学关系。分子遗传风险评分为告知该问题提供了一种新颖的方法。方法通过详细研究评估，将514名7-11岁的北欧血统的社区招募儿童定义为ADHD或非ADHD。父母对儿童多动症的标准评分和儿童气质在中年儿童气质问卷（TMCQ）上进行了评估，并通过半结构化临床访谈报道了多动症和合并症。为注意力缺陷多动症，情绪失调（暗示了对愤怒易怒性和正价紧急冲动感的寻求的调节的破坏）和单独的易怒性（愤怒失调）创建了类别和维度变量。计算多动症和抑郁症遗传责任的全基因组多基因风险评分（PRS）。结构方程模型和通过计算得出的情绪曲线可指导分析。结果ADHD PRS在变量中心分析中与烦躁不安相关（β= .179，95％CI = 0.087-0.280;ΔR2= .034，p <.0002），但也与寻求紧急/感觉相关（B = .146） ，95％CI = 0.052-0.240，ΔR2= .022，p = .002）。在以人为中心的分析中，情绪障碍ADHD组的ADHD PRS与其他ADHD儿童相比升高（OR = 1.44，95％CI = 1.03-2.20，NagelkerkeΔR2= .013，p = .033），但没有区分烦躁来自紧急的ADHD配置文件。所有影响均独立于性状或群体间ADHD严重程度的变化。抑郁症的PRS与对立反抗障碍有关，但与ADHD情绪失调无关。结论寻求烦恼-愤怒和紧急感作为ADHD人群中负价和正价失调的影响形式，都主要与ADHD遗传风险有关，与情绪相关的遗传风险无关。