Palindromic rheumatism is a distinctive syndrome that has a long-recognized association with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Palindromic rheumatism is characterized by intermittent flares of pain, erythema and swelling in and around the joints, which are typically severe and unpredictable. The observation that most patients with palindromic rheumatism have RA-related autoantibodies and that many eventually develop RA has led to palindromic rheumatism often being viewed as a relapsing-remitting variant of RA. However, the clinical and imaging phenotypes of palindromic rheumatism suggest important distinctions from RA and imply underlying mechanistic differences between the two conditions. Furthermore, the pattern of inflammation seen in palindromic rheumatism has interesting parallels with that seen in other groups of symptomatic individuals at risk of developing RA. In this Review, we explore the concept of palindromic rheumatism as part of the RA continuum and propose an updated disease paradigm for this unique syndrome.

中文翻译：

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回文风湿病是类风湿性关节炎连续体的一部分。

回文型风湿病是一种独特的综合征，长期以来被认为与类风湿关节炎 (RA) 相关。回文型风湿病的特征是关节内和周围的间歇性疼痛、红斑和肿胀，这些通常是严重且不可预测的。大多数回文型风湿病患者有 RA 相关的自身抗体并且许多患者最终发展为 RA，这一观察导致回文型风湿病通常被视为 RA 的一种复发缓解型。然而，回文风湿病的临床和影像表型表明与 RA 有重要区别，并暗示这两种疾病之间存在潜在的机制差异。此外，在回文风湿病中看到的炎症模式与在其他有患 RA 风险的有症状个体中看到的相似。在这篇综述中，我们探讨了作为 RA 连续体一部分的回文风湿病的概念，并为这种独特的综合征提出了一种更新的疾病范式。