Abstract Transdisciplinary co-production of knowledge is widely credited with producing knowledge that can contribute to sustainability transformations, but there is little empirical evidence showing to what extent and through what mechanisms it is actually advancing sustainability. This article analyses how 31 transdisciplinary projects conceptualised the link between transdisciplinary co-production of knowledge and sustainability transformations, and as part of an institutional learning process explores what experiences projects garnered while implementing their theories of change. The research identified three generic conceptualisations of impact generation mechanisms: a) promoting systems, target, and transformation knowledge for more informed and equitable decision-making, b) fostering social learning for collective action, and c) enhancing competences for reflective leadership. It also identified seven different strategies through which the studied projects implemented these three generic mechanisms to induce sustainability transformations. Exploring potentials and limitations of the different mechanisms, the article concludes that the question is not which mechanisms or strategies are better than others, but in what situation and combination they might be most promising.

中文翻译：

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知识的跨学科联合生产和可持续性转型：产生影响的三种通用机制

摘要 知识的跨学科联合生产被广泛认为可以产生有助于可持续性转型的知识，但几乎没有经验证据表明它实际上在多大程度上和通过什么机制促进了可持续性。本文分析了 31 个跨学科项目如何将知识的跨学科联合生产与可持续性转型之间的联系概念化，并作为机构学习过程的一部分探索项目在实施变革理论时获得的经验。该研究确定了影响产生机制的三个通用概念：a) 促进系统、目标和转型知识以进行更明智和公平的决策，b) 促进集体行动的社会学习，c) 提高反思型领导的能力。它还确定了七种不同的策略，研究项目通过这些策略实施这三种通用机制以诱导可持续性转型。通过探索不同机制的潜力和局限性，本文得出的结论是，问题不在于哪些机制或策略比其他机制或策略更好，而在于它们在何种情况下和组合中最有希望。