Defective viral genomes (DVGs) are generated during viral replication and are unable to carry out a full replication cycle unless coinfected with a full-length virus. DVGs are produced by many viruses, and their presence correlates with alterations in infection outcomes. Historically, DVGs were studied for their ability to interfere with standard virus replication as well as for their association with viral persistence. More recently, a critical role for DVGs in inducing the innate immune response during infection was appreciated. Here we review the role of DVGs of RNA viruses in shaping outcomes of experimental as well as natural infections and explore the mechanisms by which DVGs impact infection outcome.

中文翻译：

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有缺陷的病毒对感染和免疫力的影响。

病毒复制过程中会产生有缺陷的病毒基因组（DVG），除非与全长病毒同时感染，否则无法进行完整的复制周期。DVG是由许多病毒产生的，它们的存在与感染结果的改变相关。历史上，对DVG进行了研究，它们具有干扰标准病毒复制的能力以及与病毒持久性的关系。最近，人们认识到DVG在感染期间诱导先天免疫应答中的关键作用。在这里，我们回顾了RNA病毒的DVG在塑造实验性感染和自然感染的结果中的作用，并探讨了DVG影响感染结果的机制。