Abstract Nanotechnology and nanomaterials have attracted interest due to their potential in mitigating contemporary environmental challenges, such as the stressors imposed by increased industrial and agricultural activities, and the deterioration of air, soil and water quality. In particular, advanced technologies that harness carbon-based nanomaterials are poised to emerge as tools that provide new solutions for the global water crises. These tools include, electrically conductive membrane processes, which uniquely combine a separation process with a functional surface. In this respect, laser-induced graphene (LIG) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are electrically conductive carbon nanomaterials that hold great utility in a multitude of environmental applications, including the development of fouling-resistant systems for desalination and water treatment, enhanced separation methods, and innovative pollutant sensing and electrocatalytic platforms. Consequently, this review article describes and compares some important recent advances in LIG- and CNT-based electroactive surfaces. The discussion of LIG as an emerging carbon material set in context with CNTs is intended to shed light on future directions and development possibilities to meet the growing global challenges in terms of water treatment applications of both materials as well as other electrically conductive carbon-based nanomaterials exhibiting exceptional performance and versatility.

中文翻译：

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激光诱导石墨烯和碳纳米管作为环境技术中的导电碳基材料

摘要 纳米技术和纳米材料因其在减轻当代环境挑战方面的潜力而引起了人们的兴趣，例如工农业活动增加带来的压力，以及空气、土壤和水质量的恶化。特别是，利用碳基纳米材料的先进技术有望成为为全球水危机提供新解决方案的工具。这些工具包括导电膜工艺，它独特地将分离工艺与功能表面相结合。在这方面，激光诱导石墨烯 (LIG) 和碳纳米管 (CNT) 是导电的碳纳米材料，在众多环境应用中具有很大的实用性，包括开发用于海水淡化和水处理的防污系统、增强的分离方法以及创新的污染物传感和电催化平台。因此，这篇评论文章描述并比较了基于 LIG 和 CNT 的电活性表面的一些重要最新进展。LIG 作为一种新兴碳材料与 CNT 相关的讨论旨在阐明未来的方向和发展可能性，以应对这两种材料以及其他导电碳基纳米材料在水处理应用方面日益增长的全球挑战表现出卓越的性能和多功能性。这篇综述文章描述并比较了基于 LIG 和 CNT 的电活性表面的一些重要最新进展。LIG 作为一种新兴碳材料与 CNT 相关的讨论旨在阐明未来的方向和发展可能性，以应对这两种材料以及其他导电碳基纳米材料在水处理应用方面日益增长的全球挑战表现出卓越的性能和多功能性。这篇综述文章描述并比较了基于 LIG 和 CNT 的电活性表面的一些重要最新进展。LIG 作为一种新兴碳材料与 CNT 相关的讨论旨在阐明未来的方向和发展可能性，以应对这两种材料以及其他导电碳基纳米材料在水处理应用方面日益增长的全球挑战表现出卓越的性能和多功能性。