One of the most fundamental, although controversial, questions related to the evolution of plant mating systems is the distribution of outcrossing rates. Self-compatibility, and especially autonomous self-pollination, can become particularly beneficial in anthropogenically degraded habitats with impoverished pollinator assemblages and increased pollen limitation. In a hand-pollination experiment with 46 meadow plants from the Železné hory Mts., Czech Republic, we evaluated the species' ability to adopt different mating systems. For a subset of the species, we also tested seed germination for inbreeding depression. Subsequently, we analysed relationships between the species' mating systems and 12 floral and life-history traits. We found a relatively discrete distribution of the studied species into four groups. Fully and partially self-incompatible species formed the largest group, followed by self-compatible non-selfers and mixed mating species. The germination experiment showed an absence of inbreeding depression in 19 out of 22 examined species. Nectar sugar per flower, nectar sugar per shoot and dichogamy were significant associated with the mating system. Spontaneous selfing ability and self-incompatibility in species of the meadow communities had a discrete distribution, conforming to the general distribution of mating and breeding systems in angiosperms. The low frequency of spontaneous selfers and the lack of inbreeding depression at germination suggest the existence of a selection against selfing at the later ontogenetic stages. Some floral traits, such as the level of dichogamy and amount of nectar reward, may strongly impact the balance between selfing and outcrossing rates in the self-compatible species and thus shape the evolution of mating systems.

中文翻译：

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草甸群落中植物的自溶性和自交自交。

与植物交配系统的进化有关的最基本的（尽管有争议的）问题之一是异交率的分布。自相适应，尤其是自主的自花授粉，在传粉者种群减少和花粉限制增加的人为退化的生境中变得尤为有益。通过对来自捷克共和国Železnéhory山的46种草甸植物进行人工授粉实验，我们评估了该物种采用不同交配系统的能力。对于该物种的一个子集，我们还测试了种子发芽的近交衰退。随后，我们分析了该物种的交配系统与12个花卉和生活史特征之间的关系。我们发现研究物种相对分散地分为四类。完全和部分自我不相容的物种构成最大的群体，其次是自我相容的非自我交配者和混合交配物种。发芽实验显示，在22种受检物种中，有19种没有近亲繁殖抑制。每朵花的花蜜糖，每枝的花蜜糖和双歧杆菌与交配系统显着相关。草甸群落物种的自发自交能力和自交不亲和性呈离散分布，符合被子植物交配和繁殖系统的一般分布。自发性频率低和发芽时近亲抑制作用的缺乏表明在后期的个体发育阶段存在针对性自交的选择。一些花卉特征，例如双歧杆菌的水平和花蜜奖励的数量，