Copper is an essential element for living cells but this metal is present in some marine environments at such high concentrations that it can be toxic for numerous organisms. In polluted areas, marine organisms may develop specific adaptive responses to prevent cell damage. To investigate the influence of copper on the metabolism of a single organism, a dual approach combining metabolomics and proteomics was undertaken on the biofilm-forming bacterial strain Pseudoalteromonas lipolytica TC8. In order to highlight differential adaptation according to the phenotype, the response of P. lipolytica TC8 to copper stress was studied in planktonic and biofilm culture modes under growth inhibitory copper concentrations. As expected, copper exposure led to the induction of defense and detoxification mechanisms. Specific metabolite and protein profiles were thus observed in each condition (planktonic vs. biofilm and control vs. copper-treated cultures). Copper exposure seems to induce drastic changes in the lipid composition of the bacterial cell membrane and to modulate the abundance of proteins functionally known to be involved in copper cell homeostasis in both planktonic and biofilm culture modes. Much more proteins differentially expressed after copper treatment were observed in biofilms than in planktonic cells, which could indicate a more heterogeneous response of biofilm cells to this metallic stress.

中文翻译：

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铜在生物膜形成海洋细菌解脂假单胞菌中的生长抑制浓度引起的代谢组学和蛋白质组学变化。

铜是活细胞必不可少的元素，但是这种金属以某些高浓度存在于某些海洋环境中，可能对许多生物有毒。在污染地区，海洋生物可能会产生特定的适应性反应，以防止细胞受损。为了研究铜对单一生物代谢的影响，对生物膜形成细菌菌株脂解假单胞菌TC8进行了代谢组学和蛋白质组学的双重研究。为了突出根据表型的差异适应，解脂假单胞菌的反应在浮游生物和生物膜培养模式下，在生长抑制性铜浓度下研究了TC8对铜的胁迫。不出所料，铜暴露导致防御和排毒机制的诱导。因此，在每种情况下都观察到了特定的代谢物和蛋白质谱（浮游生物与生物膜以及对照与生物膜。铜处理的培养物）。铜暴露似乎会引起细菌细胞膜脂质组成的急剧变化，并调节浮游生物和生物膜培养模式下功能已知参与铜细胞稳态的蛋白质的丰度。在生物膜中观察到铜处理后差异表达的蛋白质多于浮游细胞，这可能表明生物膜细胞对这种金属胁迫的异质反应更多。