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Odd-frequency superconductivity
Reviews of Modern Physics ( IF 44.1 ) Pub Date : 
Jacob Linder and Alexander V. Balatsky

This article reviews odd-frequency (odd-ω) pairing with a focus on superconducting systems. Since Berezinskii introduced the concept of odd frequency order in 1974 it has been viewed as an exotic and rarely occurring in nature. Here, we present a view that the Berezinskii state is in fact a ubiquitous superconducting order that is both non-local and odd in time. This state appears under quite general circumstances in many physical settings including bulk materials, heterostructures and dynamically driven superconducting states, and it is therefore important to understand the nature of pairing. We present the properties of pairing in bulk materials, including possible microscopic mechanisms, discuss definitions of the superconducting order parameter, and the unusual Meissner response of odd-frequency superconductors. Next, we present how pairing is generated in hybrid structures of nearly any sort and focus on its relation to Andreev bound states, spin polarized Cooper pairs, and Majorana states. We overview how pairing can be applied to non-superconducting systems such as ultracold Fermi gases, Bose-Einstein condensates, and chiral spin-nematics. Due to the growing importance of dynamic orders in quantum systems we also discuss the emergent view that the state is an example of phase coherent dynamic order. We summarize the recent progress made in understanding the emergence of states in driven superconducting systems. A more general view of superconductivity suggests an interesting approach to this state as a realization of the hidden order with inherently dynamic correlations that have no counterpart in conventional orders discussed earlier. We review the progress made in this rapidly evolving field and illustrate the ubiquity of the states and potential for future discoveries of these states in variety of settings. We sum up the general rules or, as we call them, design principles, to induce components in various settings, using the SPOT rule. Since the pioneering prediction of superconductivity by Berezinskii, this state has become a part of every-day conversations on superconductivity. To acknowledge this, we will call the state a Berezinskii pairing as well in this article.

中文翻译:

奇数频率超导

本文评论了奇数频率(奇数-ω)与超导系统配对。自从别列斯基(Berezinskii)于1974年提出奇数频率阶数概念以来,它就被视为一种奇特的东西,在自然界中很少出现。在这里,我们提出一个观点,即贝雷津斯基状态实际上是无处不在且时间奇数无处不在的超导秩序。这种状态在相当普遍的情况下会出现在许多物理环境中,包括块状材料,异质结构和动态驱动的超导状态,因此了解配对的性质非常重要。我们介绍了散装材料中配对的特性,包括可能的微观机制,讨论了超导阶数参数的定义以及奇频超导体的异常Meissner响应。下一个,我们介绍了几乎在任何种类的混合结构中如何生成配对,并着重介绍了其与Andreev束缚态,自旋极化Cooper对和Majorana态的关系。我们概述了如何将配对应用于非超导系统,例如超冷费米气体,玻色-爱因斯坦缩合物和手性自旋向列。由于动态顺序在量子系统中的重要性日益提高,我们还讨论了一种新兴的观点,即状态是相位相干动态顺序的一个例子。我们总结了在了解驱动超导系统中状态的出现方面取得的最新进展。对超导性的更一般的看法表明,对这种状态的一种有趣的处理方法是实现具有固有动态相关性的隐藏顺序,该隐藏顺序与前面讨论的常规顺序没有对应关系。我们回顾了在这个快速发展的领域中取得的进展,并举例说明了各州的普遍性以及在各种情况下这些州的未来发现的潜力。我们使用SPOT规则总结一般规则或设计原则,以在各种设置中引入组件。自Berezinskii对超导性做出开创性的预测以来,这种状态已成为每天有关超导性对话的一部分。为了确认这一点,在本文中我们也将状态称为Berezinskii配对。自Berezinskii对超导性做出开创性的预测以来,这种状态已成为每天有关超导性对话的一部分。为了确认这一点,在本文中我们也将状态称为Berezinskii配对。自Berezinskii对超导性做出开创性的预测以来,这种状态已成为每天有关超导性对话的一部分。为了确认这一点,在本文中我们也将状态称为Berezinskii配对。
更新日期:2019-09-18
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