Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) refers to a continuum of decreasing ovarian function in women before the age of 40. To date, the cause of POI in the majority of cases remain unresolved. Many cases has been linked to genetic, toxic, infections, enzymatic and iatrogenic causes. A key function of the immune system is to identify and differentiate "self" and "non self" i.e. tolerance. Loss of self-tolerance results in an immune response against self-tissues and thus autoimmunity. Various investigations have highlighted the role of autoimmunity and its pertinence to POI. Several potential immune antigenic targets in the ovary have been reported to be involved in autoantibody induced autoimmune attack. The presence of lymphocytic oöphorits in ovarian samples of patients with POI provides histopathological evidence of autoimmune ovarian involvement. Finally, POI is strongly associated with other autoimmune conditions including for instance Addison disease, autoimmune polyglandular syndrome (APS) -1, APS-4, hypothyroidism, and diabetes mellitus among other autoimmune diseases. Taken together, these lines of evidence provide strong basis that support the role of autoimmunity as a potential cause of disease etiopathogenesis. Continuing research is increasingly providing more insight into the complex disease process. The aim of this review is to summarize the current literature related to the autoimmune nature of POI.

中文翻译：

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洞察卵巢早衰的自身免疫性方面。

卵巢早衰（POI）是指40岁以前女性卵巢功能不断下降的连续体。迄今为止，大多数情况下POI的病因仍未解决。许多病例与遗传，毒性，感染，酶促和医源性原因有关。免疫系统的关键功能是识别和区分“自我”和“非自我”即耐受性。自我耐受性的丧失导致针对自身组织的免疫反应，从而导致自身免疫。各种研究都强调了自身免疫的作用及其与POI的关系。据报道，卵巢中几种潜在的免疫抗原靶标与自身抗体诱导的自身免疫攻击有关。POI患者卵巢样本中淋巴细胞卵磷脂的存在为自身免疫性卵巢受累提供了组织病理学证据。最后，POI与其他自身免疫性疾病密切相关，包括其他自身免疫性疾病，例如Addison病，自身免疫性多腺综合征（APS）-1，APS-4，甲状腺功能减退和糖尿病。综上所述，这些证据提供了强有力的基础，支持自身免疫作为疾病病因的潜在原因。持续的研究越来越多地提供了对复杂疾病过程的更多见解。这篇综述的目的是总结与POI自身免疫性有关的最新文献。自身免疫性多腺综合征（APS）-1，APS-4，甲状腺功能减退和糖尿病等其他自身免疫性疾病。综上所述，这些证据提供了强有力的基础，支持自身免疫作为疾病病因的潜在原因。持续的研究越来越多地提供了对复杂疾病过程的更多见解。这篇综述的目的是总结与POI自身免疫性有关的最新文献。自身免疫性多腺综合征（APS）-1，APS-4，甲状腺功能减退和糖尿病等其他自身免疫性疾病。综上所述，这些证据提供了强有力的基础，支持自身免疫作为疾病病因的潜在原因。持续的研究越来越多地提供了对复杂疾病过程的更多见解。这篇综述的目的是总结与POI自身免疫性有关的最新文献。