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STING Restricts oHSV Replication and Spread in Resistant MPNSTs but Is Dispensable for Basal IFN-Stimulated Gene Upregulation
Molecular Therapy: Oncology ( IF 5.7 ) Pub Date : 2019-09-16 , DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2019.09.001
Joel M. Lee , Mohammed G. Ghonime , Kevin A. Cassady

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are an aggressive soft-tissue sarcoma amenable only to surgical resection. Oncolytic herpes simplex viruses (oHSVs) are a promising experimental therapy. We previously showed that basal interferon (IFN) and nuclear factor κB (NFκB) signaling upregulate IFN-stimulated gene (ISG) expression and restrict efficient viral infection and cell-to-cell spread in ∼50% of tested MPNSTs. Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) integrates DNA sensor activity and mediates downstream IFN signaling in infected cells. We sought to identify STING’s role in oHSV resistance and contribution to basal ISG upregulation in MPNSTs. We show that the level of STING activity in human MPNST cell lines is predictive of oHSV sensitivity and that resistant cell lines have intact mechanisms for detection of cytosolic double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). Furthermore, we show that STING downregulation renders MPNSTs more permissive to oHSV infection and cell-to-cell spread. While next-generation viruses can exploit this loss of STING activity, first-generation viruses remain restricted. Finally, STING is not integral to the previously-observed basal ISG upregulation, indicating that other pathways contribute to basal IFN signaling in resistant MPNSTs. These data broaden our understanding of the intrinsic pathways in MPNSTs and their role in oHSV resistance and offer potential targets to potentiate oncolytic virus activity.



中文翻译:

STING限制oHSV复制和在抗性MPNST中传播,但对于基础IFN刺激的基因上调是必不可少的

恶性周围神经鞘瘤(MPNSTs)是一种侵袭性软组织肉瘤,仅可通过外科手术切除。溶瘤性单纯疱疹病毒(oHSV)是一种有前途的实验疗法。我们先前发现,在约50%的受测MPNST中,基础干扰素(IFN)和核因子κB(NFκB)信号上调了IFN刺激基因(ISG)的表达,并限制了有效的病毒感染和细胞间传播。干扰素基因刺激物(STING)整合了DNA传感器的活性,并介导了感染细胞中的下游IFN信号传导。我们试图确定STING在oHSV抗性中的作用以及对MPNSTs中基础ISG上调的贡献。我们显示人类MPNST细胞系中STING活性的水平是oHSV敏感性的预测,并且耐药细胞系具有完整的机制来检测胞质双链DNA(dsDNA)。此外,我们表明STING的下调使MPNSTs更容易被oHSV感染和细胞间扩散。尽管下一代病毒可以利用STING活性的这种丧失,但第一代病毒仍然受到限制。最后,STING不是先前观察到的基础ISG上调所不可或缺的,这表明在抗性MPNSTs中其他途径也有助于基础IFN信号传导。这些数据拓宽了我们对MPNSTs内在途径及其在oHSV抗性中的作用的理解,并提供了增强溶瘤病毒活性的潜在靶标。我们显示STING的下调使MPNST更易于被oHSV感染和细胞间扩散。尽管下一代病毒可以利用STING活性的这种丧失,但第一代病毒仍然受到限制。最后,STING不是先前观察到的基础ISG上调所不可或缺的,这表明在抗性MPNSTs中其他途径也有助于基础IFN信号传导。这些数据拓宽了我们对MPNSTs内在途径及其在oHSV抗性中的作用的理解,并提供了增强溶瘤病毒活性的潜在靶标。我们显示STING的下调使MPNST更易于被oHSV感染和细胞间扩散。尽管下一代病毒可以利用STING活性的这种丧失,但第一代病毒仍然受到限制。最后,STING不是先前观察到的基础ISG上调所不可或缺的,这表明在抗性MPNSTs中其他途径也有助于基础IFN信号传导。这些数据拓宽了我们对MPNSTs内在途径及其在oHSV抗性中的作用的理解,并提供了增强溶瘤病毒活性的潜在靶标。表明在抗性MPNSTs中其他途径有助于基础IFN信号传导。这些数据拓宽了我们对MPNSTs内在途径及其在oHSV抗性中的作用的理解,并提供了增强溶瘤病毒活性的潜在靶标。表明在抗性MPNSTs中其他途径也参与了基础IFN信号传导。这些数据拓宽了我们对MPNSTs内在途径及其在oHSV抗性中的作用的理解,并提供了增强溶瘤病毒活性的潜在靶标。

更新日期:2019-09-16
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