Type 1 diabetes is largely caused by β-cell destruction through anti-islet autoimmunity. Reportedly, interferon (IFN)-γ-secreting peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) specific to four insulin B-chain amino acid 9-23-related peptides (B:9-23rPep) were increased in type 1 diabetes participants. This study aimed to investigate the PBMC frequencies in subtypes of type 1 diabetes using enzyme-linked immunospot assay. In this cross-sectional study, peripheral blood samples were obtained from 148 participants including 72 with acute-onset type 1 diabetes (AT1D), 51 with slowly progressive insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (SPIDDM), and 25 with type 2 diabetes. The frequency of B:9-23rPep-specific IFN-γ-producing PBMCs was significantly higher in AT1D participants than in SPIDDM and type 2 diabetes participants. Meanwhile, a significant inverse correlation was observed between the PMBC frequencies and insulin secretion capacity in SPIDDM participants. These findings suggest that the increased peripheral B:9-23rPep-specific IFN-γ immunoreactivity reflects decreased functional β-cell mass and greater disease activity of type 1 diabetes.

中文翻译：

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1型糖尿病亚型中应答胰岛素B：9-23相关肽的外周单核细胞产生干扰素-γ的意义。

1型糖尿病主要是由抗胰岛自身免疫破坏β细胞引起的。据报道，在1型糖尿病患者中，对四种胰岛素B链氨基酸9-23相关肽（B：9-23rPep）具有特异性的分泌干扰素（IFN）-γ的外周血单核细胞（PBMC）增多。这项研究旨在利用酶联免疫斑点法研究1型糖尿病亚型中的PBMC频率。在这项横断面研究中，从148位参与者中获取了外周血样本，其中包括72位急性发作的1型糖尿病（AT1D），51位缓慢进展的胰岛素依赖型糖尿病（SPIDDM）和25位2型糖尿病。AT1D参与者中B：9-23rPep特异性产生IFN-γ的PBMC的频率显着高于SPIDDM和2型糖尿病参与者。同时，SPIDDM参与者中PMBC频率与胰岛素分泌能力之间存在显着的负相关。这些发现表明，外周血B：9-23rPep特异性IFN-γ免疫反应性增加反映了1型糖尿病的功能性β细胞数量减少和疾病活动性增加。