Global outbreaks of drug-resistant fungi such as Candida auris are thought to be due at least in part to excessive use of antifungal drugs. Baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has gained importance as an emerging opportunistic fungal pathogen that can cause infections in immunocompromised patients. Analyses of over 1000 S. cerevisiae isolates are providing rich resources to better understand how fungi can grow in human environments. A large percentage of clinical S. cerevisiae isolates are heterozygous across many nucleotide sites, and a significant proportion are of mixed ancestry and/or are aneuploid or polyploid. Such features potentially facilitate adaptation to new environments. These observations provide strong impetus for expanding genomic and molecular studies on clinical and wild isolates to understand the prevalence of genetic diversity and instability-generating mechanisms, and how they are selected for and maintained. Such work can also lead to the identification of new targets for antifungal drugs.

中文翻译：

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贝克酵母临床分离株为致病酵母如何适应压力提供了模型。

耳念珠菌等耐药真菌的全球爆发被认为至少部分归因于抗真菌药物的过度使用。面包酵母酿酒酵母作为一种新兴的机会性真菌病原体而变得越来越重要，它可以引起免疫功能低下患者的感染。对 1000 多种酿酒酵母菌株的分析为更好地了解真菌如何在人类环境中生长提供了丰富的资源。大部分临床酿酒酵母分离株在许多核苷酸位点上是杂合的，并且很大一部分具有混合血统和/或非整倍体或多倍体。这些功能可能有助于适应新环境。这些观察结果为扩大临床和野生分离株的基因组和分子研究提供了强大的动力，以了解遗传多样性的普遍性和不稳定产生机制，以及如何选择和维持它们。此类工作还可以确定抗真菌药物的新靶点。