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Tolerance to ozone might impose restrictions to plant disease management in tomato.
Plant Biology ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2019-09-09 , DOI: 10.1111/plb.13041
A M Romero 1 , A I Menéndez 2 , A M Folcia 1 , M A Martínez-Ghersa 2, 3
Affiliation  

Tropospheric ozone (O3 ) is considered a major air pollutant having negative effects on plant growth and productivity. Background concentrations are expected to rise in several regions of the world in the next 50 years, affecting plant responses to diseases, thus requiring new management strategies for food production. The effects of elevated O3 on the severity of a bacterial disease, and the effectiveness of a chemical defence inducer, were examined in two cultivars of tomato, Roma and Moneymaker, which present different tolerance to this pollutant. The two cultivars differ in their ability to produce and accumulate reactive oxygen species (ROS) in leaf tissues. Tomato plants were challenged with a strain of Xanthomonas vesicatoria, Xv9, which is pathogenic on tomato. Ozone consistently increased severity of the disease by over 40% in both cultivars. In the more tolerant cultivar, O3 pollution increased disease intensity, even after applying a commercially available product to enhance resistance (acibenzolar-S-methyl, BTH). In the more susceptible cultivar, level of disease attained depended on the oxidative balance that resulted from other stress factors. The antioxidant capacity of the plant at the time of infection was relevant for controlling development of the disease. Our results suggest that development of O3 tolerance in commercial crops might impose a penalty cost in terms of disease management under projected higher O3 concentrations.

中文翻译:

耐臭氧性可能会限制番茄的植物病害管理。

对流层臭氧(O3)被认为是一种主要的空气污染物,会对植物的生长和生产力产生负面影响。在未来的50年中,世界上几个地区的背景浓度预计会上升,从而影响植物对疾病的反应,因此需要新的粮食生产管理策略。在两个番茄品种,罗马和摇钱树中,研究了O3浓度升高对细菌性疾病严重程度的影响以及化学防御诱导剂的有效性,它们对这种污染物表现出不同的耐受性。这两个品种在叶片组织中产生和积累活性氧(ROS)的能力不同。用对番茄致病的Xanthomonas vesicatoria Xv9菌株攻击番茄植株。在两个品种中,臭氧都会使疾病的严重程度持续增加40%以上。在耐受性更强的品种中,即使在应用市售产品以增强抗性后,O3污染也会增加疾病强度(苯并噻唑-S-甲基,BTH)。在更易感的品种中,所达到的疾病水平取决于其他胁迫因素导致的氧化平衡。感染时植物的抗氧化能力与控制疾病的发展有关。我们的结果表明,在预计更高的O3浓度下,商品作物对O3的耐受性发展可能会给疾病管理带来一定的代价。甚至在应用市售产品以增强抗性后(苯并噻唑-S-甲基,BTH)。在较易感的品种中,所达到的疾病水平取决于其他胁迫因素导致的氧化平衡。感染时植物的抗氧化能力与控制疾病的发展有关。我们的结果表明,在预计更高的O3浓度下,商品作物对O3耐受性的发展可能会给疾病管理带来一定的代价。甚至在应用市售产品以增强抗性后(苯并噻唑-S-甲基,BTH)。在较易感的品种中,所达到的疾病水平取决于其他胁迫因素导致的氧化平衡。感染时植物的抗氧化能力与控制疾病的发展有关。我们的结果表明,在预计更高的O3浓度下,商品作物对O3的耐受性发展可能会给疾病管理带来一定的代价。
更新日期:2019-09-09
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