The “cyborg cells”, living cells with built-in nanoscaffolds, which could integrate the biological function of the cells with the functionality of nanomaterials, have been rarely explored. Here we report a method to construct “cyborg erythrocytes” through the in situ reaction of exogenous calcium and carbonate ions to generate calcium carbonate nanodots inside erythrocytes. The intracellular calcium carbonate nanodots combined with proteins are hidden under the membrane of erythrocytes, which can restrict migration and unexpected accumulation of nanodots in the body, improving the biosecurity of the nanodots. Most importantly, the calcium carbonate nanodots not only do not bring adverse effects on the nature of erythrocytes, but also endow erythrocytes with new properties. The in vitro and in vivo results show that the “cyborg erythrocytes” can remove 80% of lead ions in a blood poisoning model and reduce the lead level in the kidney and liver of mice through a precipitation transformation mechanism.

带有内置纳米支架的“半机械人细胞”，可以将细胞的生物学功能与纳米材料的功能整合在一起。在这里，我们报告了一种通过外源钙和碳酸根离子的原位反应在红细胞内部生成碳酸钙纳米点来构建“半胱氨酸红细胞”的方法。与蛋白质结合的细胞内碳酸钙纳米点隐藏在红细胞膜下，这可以限制纳米点在体内的迁移和意外积累，从而提高了纳米点的生物安全性。最重要的是，碳酸钙纳米点不仅不会对红细胞的性质带来不利影响，而且还赋予红细胞新的特性。