Ti3C2Tx MXene electrodes significantly enhanced actuation performance of ionic artificial muscles applied to soft robotic demonstrations. Existing ionic artificial muscles still require a technology breakthrough for much faster response speed, higher bending strain, and longer durability. Here, we report an MXene artificial muscle based on ionically cross-linked Ti3C2Tx with poly(3,4 ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate), showing ultrafast rise time of within 1 s in DC responses, extremely large bending strain up to 1.37% in very low input voltage regime (0.1 to 1 V), long-term cyclic stability of 97% up to 18,000 cycles, markedly reduced phase delay, and very broad frequency bandwidth up to 20 Hz with good structural reliability without delamination under continuous electrical stimuli. These artificial muscles were successfully applied to make an origami-inspired narcissus flower robot as a wearable brooch and dancing butterflies and leaves on a tree as a kinetic art piece. These successful demonstrations elucidate the wide potential of MXene-based soft actuators for the next-generation soft robotic devices including wearable electronics and kinetic art pieces.

中文翻译：

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基于离子交联的Ti3C2Tx电极的MXene人工肌肉用于动力学软机器人

Ti3C2Tx MXene电极显着增强了应用于软机器人演示的离子人工肌肉的驱动性能。现有的离子人工肌肉仍需要技术上的突破，以实现更快的响应速度，更高的弯曲应变和更长的耐用性。在这里，我们报道了一种基于离子交联的Ti3C2Tx与聚（3,4乙二氧基噻吩）-聚（苯乙烯磺酸盐）的MXene人造肌肉，在直流响应中显示超快的上升时间（在1 s内），最大弯曲应变高达1.37％。极低的输入电压范围（0.1至1 V），高达18,000个周期的97％的长期循环稳定性，显着降低的相位延迟以及高达20 Hz的非常宽的频率带宽以及良好的结构可靠性，在连续电刺激下不会分层。这些人造肌肉被成功地应用于制作折纸风格的水仙花机器人，作为可穿戴的胸针，并在蝴蝶上跳舞蝴蝶和树叶作为动感艺术作品。这些成功的演示阐明了基于MXene的软执行器在下一代软机器人设备（包括可穿戴电子设备和动力学艺术品）中的巨大潜力。