Tartrazine (Yellow 5 or E102) is a synthetic food dye able to modify perception and behavior, causing agitation, confusion, rhinitis and can produce hyperactivity syndrome in children when is combined with benzoates. Additionally, it can trigger oxidative stress which consequently generates metabolic disorders. Therefore, the study was designed to evaluate the harmful effects of the food additive tartrazine and to observe beneficial properties of blackthorn fruits (Prunus spinosa) on the blood and organs of albino Wistar rats. This study was carried out on 20 mature Wistar rats, randomly divided into four groups of five animals. Over the course of the experiment, the control group received only food and drinking water, group I received 75 mg of tartrazine dissolved in (250 ml) water group II was given 75 mg of tartrazine and 200 mg of dried blackthorn fruit powder 200 mg dissolved simultaneously in (250 ml) of tartrazine-water mixture (aiming to reduce the tartrazine toxicity) and group III received a higher dose of tartrazine (100 mg) in (250 ml) of water. At the end of the experiment, values regarding kidney and liver weight were significantly increased, while the weight of the spleen was slightly decreased compared with the weight of the control group. Biochemical and hematological assays, of the blood samples show that the addition of tartrazine in the diet of rats caused significant changes in all biochemical and hematological parameters of the blood. In the group II, which received (P. spinosa) powder combined with tartrazine, the biochemical and hematological parameters had average values similar to the control group. Histopathological assay showed that the application of tartrazine in the group I, II and III produced lesions of the kidneys, spleen and the liver for all rodents. Tartrazine was able to generate histopathological changes, which caused significantly tissue lesions of the liver and significant changes in blood parameters. Blackthorn powder showed a promising protective role for the blood parameters but demonstrated no significant benefits for the organs.

中文翻译：

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黑刺李果实 (Prunus spinosa) 对白化 Wistar 大鼠柠檬黄毒性发展的保护作用

酒石黄（黄色 5 或 E102）是一种合成食用染料，能够改变感知和行为，引起躁动、精神错乱、鼻炎，与苯甲酸盐结合时会导致儿童多动综合征。此外，它会引发氧化应激，从而产生代谢紊乱。因此，本研究旨在评估食品添加剂柠檬黄的有害影响，并观察黑刺李果实 (Prunus spinosa) 对白化 Wistar 大鼠血液和器官的有益特性。这项研究是在 20 只成熟的 Wistar 大鼠上进行的，随机分为四组，每组 5 只动物。在整个实验过程中，对照组只接受食物和饮用水，组 I 接受 75 mg 柠檬黄溶于（250 ml）水中 组 II 给予 75 mg 柠檬黄和 200 mg 干黑刺李果粉 200 mg 同时溶于（250 ml）柠檬黄-水混合物中（旨在减少柠檬黄毒性）和第 III 组在（250 毫升）水中接受更高剂量的柠檬黄（100 毫克）。实验结束时，与对照组相比，肾脏和肝脏重量显着增加，而脾脏重量略有下降。血液样本的生化和血液学分析表明，在大鼠饮食中添加柠檬黄会导致血液的所有生化和血液学参数发生显着变化。在接受（P. spinosa）粉末与柠檬黄组合的第二组中，生化和血液学参数的平均值与对照组相似。组织病理学分析表明，在I、II和III组中应用柠檬黄对所有啮齿动物产生了肾脏、脾脏和肝脏的损伤。柠檬黄能够产生组织病理学变化，从而导致肝脏明显的组织损伤和血液参数的显着变化。黑刺李粉对血液参数显示出有希望的保护作用，但对器官没有显着益处。引起肝脏明显组织损伤和血液参数显着变化。黑刺李粉对血液参数显示出有希望的保护作用，但对器官没有显着益处。引起肝脏明显组织损伤和血液参数显着变化。黑刺李粉对血液参数显示出有希望的保护作用，但对器官没有显着益处。