BACKGROUND Childhood psychotic symptoms have been associated with various psychiatric disorders in adulthood but their role as early markers of poor outcomes during the crucial transition to adulthood is largely unknown. Therefore, we investigated associations between age-12 psychotic symptoms and a range of mental health problems and functional outcomes at age 18. METHODS Data were used from the Environmental Risk Longitudinal Twin Study, a nationally representative birth cohort of 2232 twins born in 1994-1995 in England and Wales, followed to age 18 with 93% retention. Childhood psychotic symptoms were assessed in structured interviews at age 12. At age 18, study members' mental health problems, functional outcomes, risky behaviors, and offending were measured using self-reports and official records. RESULTS Children with psychotic symptoms (N = 125, 5.9%) were more likely to experience a range of mental health problems in young adulthood than children without such symptoms. They were also more likely to be obese, smoke cigarettes, be lonely, be parents, and report a lower quality of life, but not more likely to commit crimes. Childhood psychotic symptoms predicted these poor outcomes over and above other emotional and behavioral problems during childhood. Nevertheless, twin analyses indicated that these associations were largely accounted for by shared family factors. CONCLUSIONS Psychotic symptoms in childhood signal risk for pervasive mental health and functional difficulties in young adulthood and thus may provide a useful screen for an array of later problems. However, early psychotic symptoms and poor outcomes may be manifestations of shared environmental and genetic risks.

中文翻译：

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患有精神病症状的儿童在成年后的心理健康和功能结局：一项纵向队列研究。

背景技术儿童精神病症状已与成年期的各种精神疾病相关联，但在成年的关键过渡期间，它们作为不良结局的早期标志物的作用尚不清楚。因此，我们调查了12岁精神病症状与18岁时一系列精神健康问题和功能结局之间的关联。方法：数据来自“环境风险纵向双胞胎研究”，该研究是全国代表性的2232名双胞胎出生队列，出生于1994-1995年。在英格兰和威尔士，随后以18％的留存率达到18岁。在12岁时进行的结构化访谈中评估了儿童的精神病症状。在18岁时，使用自我报告和官方记录对研究成员的心理健康问题，功能结局，危险行为和犯罪行为进行了评估。结果患有精神病症状的儿童（N = 125，5.9％）比没有这种症状的儿童更有可能在成年后经历一系列心理健康问题。他们也更可能肥胖，抽烟，孤独，成为父母，生活质量较低，但犯罪的可能性较小。儿童期的精神病症状预示着这些不良后果将超过儿童期的其他情绪和行为问题。然而，双胞胎分析表明，这些关联在很大程度上是由共同的家庭因素造成的。结论儿童期的精神病症状预示着成年后普遍精神健康和功能障碍的风险，因此可能为一系列后续问题提供有用的筛查。然而，