The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the inclusion levels of different types of rapeseed meal (RSM) on performance, organ weight, and serum biochemical parameters in Cherry Valley ducks in the starter period and grower-finisher period. In Exp. 1, a total of 750 seven-day-old male ducklings were divided into 5 dietary treatments with 6 replicate pens of 25 birds per pen. The starter diets with the inclusion of 0, 5, 10, 15, or 20% of double-low RSM contained 0, 1.37, 2.15, 3.46, or 5.31 µmol glucosinolates (GLS)/g in the finished feed (from day 7 to 21). In Exp. 2, a total of 900 fifteen-day-old male ducklings were divided into 6 dietary treatments with 6 replicate pens of 25 birds per pen. The grower-finisher diets with the inclusion of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, or 25% of Indian RSM contained 0, 7.67, 15.34, 24.66, 31.21, or 38.44 µmol GLS/g in the finished feed (from day 15 to 42). For ducklings in the starter period (Exp. 1), body weight gain and feed intake decreased linearly as the dietary double-low RSM inclusion level increased at day 7 to 14, while growth rate was not influenced by dietary double-low RSM inclusion levels at day 15 to 21 and day 7 to 21. For ducks in the grower-finisher period (Exp. 2), growth performance decreased linearly as the dietary RSM inclusion level increased from 5 to 20%. In addition, dietary RSM inclusion levels induced liver enlargement in ducklings at day 21 (5 to 20% double-low RSM with 1.37 to 5.31 µmol/g GLS) and thyroid enlargement accompanied by increased serum AST and ALP activities in ducks at day 42 (5 to 15% Indian RSM with 7.67 to 23.66 µmol/g GLS). Therefore, our results indicated that the upper limit of using RSM sources in feed formulation should consider the anti-nutritional factor of GLS content at different stages of duck growth.

中文翻译：

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日粮菜籽粕添加水平对樱桃谷鸭生长性能、器官重量和血清生化参数的影响。

本研究的目的是调查不同类型菜籽粕 (RSM) 的添加水平对樱桃谷鸭在育成期和生长育成期的生产性能、器官重量和血清生化参数的影响。在 Exp。如图 1 所示，总共 750 只 7 日龄雄性小鸭被分为 5 个日粮处理，6 个重复栏，每栏 25 只鸟。包含 0、5、10、15 或 20% 双低 RSM 的起始日粮在最终饲料中含有 0、1.37、2.15、3.46 或 5.31 µmol 硫代葡萄糖苷 (GLS)/g（从第 7 天到21)。在 Exp。2、总共900只15日龄的雄性小鸭被分成6个日粮处理，6个重复栏，每栏25只鸟。含有 0、5、10、15、20 或 25% 的印度 RSM 的种植-育肥日粮含有 0、7.67、15.34、24.66、31.21 或 38。最终饲料中的 44 µmol GLS/g（从第 15 天到第 42 天）。对于起始期（实验 1）的雏鸭，体重增加和采食量随着第 7 天至第 14 天日粮双低 RSM 含量的增加而线性下降，而生长率不受日粮双低 RSM 含量的影响在第 15 天至第 21 天和第 7 天至第 21 天。对于处于生长育肥期的鸭子（实验 2），随着日粮 RSM 含量从 5% 增加到 20%，生长性能线性下降。此外，日粮 RSM 含量在第 21 天诱导小鸭肝脏肿大（5 至 20% 双低 RSM，1.37 至 5.31 µmol/g GLS）和甲状腺肿大伴随着第 42 天鸭血清 AST 和 ALP 活性增加（ 5 至 15% 印度 RSM，含 7.67 至 23.66 µmol/g GLS）。所以，