In 2014, the International Union for Conservation of Nature adopted the Red List of Ecosystems (RLE) criteria as the global standard for assessing risks to terrestrial, marine, and freshwater ecosystems. Five years on, it is timely to ask what impact this new initiative has had on ecosystem management and conservation. In this policy perspective, we use an impact evaluation framework to distinguish the outputs, outcomes, and impacts of the RLE since its inception. To date, 2,821 ecosystems in 100 countries have been assessed following the RLE protocol. Systematic assessments are complete or underway in 21 countries and two continental regions (the Americas and Europe). Countries with established ecosystem policy infrastructure have already used the RLE to inform legislation, land‐use planning, protected area management, monitoring and reporting, and ecosystem management. Impacts are still emerging due to varying pace and commitment to implementation across different countries. In the future, RLE indices based on systematic assessments have high potential to inform global biodiversity reporting. Expanding the coverage of RLE assessments, building capacity and political will to undertake them, and establishing stronger policy instruments to manage red‐listed ecosystems will be key to maximizing conservation impacts over the coming decades.

中文翻译：

---

IUCN生态系统红色名录对保护政策和实践的影响

2014年，国际自然保护联盟采用了生态系统红色清单（RLE）标准作为评估陆地，海洋和淡水生态系统风险的全球标准。五年过去了，是时候问这个新倡议对生态系统管理和保护有什么影响了。从这个政策角度来看，我们使用影响评估框架来区分RLE自成立以来的产出，结果和影响。迄今为止，已经按照RLE协议评估了100个国家/地区的2,821个生态系统。在21个国家和两个大陆地区（美洲和欧洲），系统评估已经完成或正在进行。具有完善的生态系统政策基础设施的国家已经使用RLE为立法，土地使用规划，保护区管理，监测和报告，和生态系统管理。由于在不同国家实施的步伐和承诺不同，影响仍在显现。将来，基于系统评估的RLE指数很有可能为全球生物多样性报告提供参考。扩大RLE评估的范围，进行评估的能力和政治意愿，以及建立更强大的政策工具来管理列入红色清单的生态系统，对于在未来几十年内最大程度地发挥保护影响至关重要。